Chapter 11 - Iron Age Civilizations of the Mediterranean and the Near East Flashcards
Ch 11: New Babylonia was created millennium after the fall of Babylon (after Hammurabi’s death) by this ruler.
Nebuchadnezzar
Ch 11: This famous ‘gate’ is found in New Babylonia.
Ishtar Gate
Ch 11: This ancient wonder of the world is found in New Babylonia.
Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
Ch 11: This cultural group referenced in Judeo-Christian holy books, occupied an area in the Levant in what is now Lebanon and Norther Israel.
The Phoenicians
Ch 11: The Phoenicians are best known as craftsmen for other cultures, and crafted this temple in Israel.
Jewish Temple of Solomon
Ch 11: This ancient city, now modern-day Tunisia, was built by the Phoenicians and destroyed by the Romans.
Carthage
Ch 11: This was the most dominating civilization of Mesopotamia.
Assyrians
Ch 11: What is a lamassu? What is its significance?
An Assyrian astrological deity. It’s the most iconic and singular feature of Assyrian architecture and art.
Ch 11: The Assyrian kings continued building ziggurats, but the most dominant architecture was this.
palaces
Ch 11: This father-son duo were the most important kings of the Assyrian empire.
Sargon II and his son Sennacherib
Ch 11: Art in architecture changed during the Assyrian empire to being dominated by religious subjects to being dominated by what?
The king and his exploits.
Ch 11: The most famous of the 8 gates of the rebuilt Babylon City is what? Who is it named for?
Ishtar Gate. It’s named for Ishtar, the goddess of putaness.
Ch 11: Who was the first great Persian king?
Cyrus the Great
Ch 11: King Cyrus of Persia had a majorly fucked up childhood. His father, King Astyages, believed he’d overthrow him, so he ordered his general, Harpagus, to kill Cyrus. Harpagus instead gives the kid to a shepherd. What does Astyages do to punish Harpagus? What does this cause?
He kills Harpagus’ son and feeds him his own son’s flesh. This causes Harpagus to convince Cyrus to overthrow his cunt father.
Ch 11: The Achaemenid Empire began with which great Persian king? It was the largest empire in the world until it was defeated by whom?
Cyrus the Great. Alexander the Great.
Ch 11: Which culture founded the League of 12 Cities?
Etruscan civilization
Ch 11: Why is it difficult to know details about Etruscan society beyond what is found in their art and architecture?
They left no literature behind.
Ch 11: The most important gods in Etruscan civilization were?
Tinia and Uni
Ch 11: What was the name of the Etruscan city for the dead?
Necropolis
Ch 11: What is the Banditacca Necropolis at Cerverteri?
This is the largest surviving necropolis with thousands of tombs arranged alone the “streets of the dead”.
Ch 11: What evidence suggests that women held a prominent role in Etruscan society?
The presence of beds designed for married couples in their tombs.
Ch 11: Why is the Tomb of the Leopard noteworthy?
It’s art depicted Etruscan aristocratic life.
Ch 11: Which culture greatly influence later Etruscan society?
Greek (of course).
Ch 11: What kinds of Etruscan above-ground architecture exists today?
Architectural arches.
Ch 11: What Order of architecture did the Etruscans found?
Tuscan
Ch 11: What was the Cloaca Maxima?
Roman early sewage system.
Ch 11: Name the 3 Abrahamic religions
Judea/Hebrew, Christianity, and Islam.
Ch 11: What temple housed the Ark of the Covenant?
First Temple of Jerusalem
Ch 11: What portion of the Second Temple of Jerusalem exists today?
The Western Wall (Wailing Wall)
