Chapter 12 - Ancient Rome

Question 1

Ch 12: The Roman poet Publius Vergilius Maro (Aka Virgil) cast Aeneas as the hero in his epic about the birth of the Roman Empire in this epic.

Answer 1

Aeneid.

Question 2

Ch 12: At the end of the siege of Troy, Aeneas puts his father, Anchises, on his shoulders, and leads his son, Ascanius, out of the city. What does this represent in Virgil’s Aeneid?

Answer 2

Anchises is the Trojan past, Ascanius is the Roman Future.

Question 3

Ch 12: What does the story of Romulus and Remus represent?

Answer 3

The second Roman foundation myth.

Question 4

Ch 12: Which twins were raised by a she-wolf, and later founded Rome?

Answer 4

Romulus and Remus

Question 5

Ch 12: What was the Magna Grecia?

Answer 5

A Greek settlement in southern Italy and Sicily

Question 6

Ch 12: What was the key element to Roman expansion?

Answer 6

A system of inclusion

Question 7

Ch 12: Where did the Roman senate assemble?

Answer 7

Curia Julia

Question 8

Ch 12: Rome’s contribution to architecture can be summed in what 2 ways?

Answer 8

Architectural spaces (such as baths) were invented, and monumental buildings were created for public use, not just for religious purposes.

Question 9

Ch 12: Romans are credited with the arch and vault, but who really invented these?

Answer 9

Greeks and Etruscans, respectively.

Question 10

Ch 12: Suetonius wrote The Lives of the Twelve Caesars, what was it about?

Answer 10

Emperors fro Caesar to Domitian

Question 11

Ch 12: Which emperor established a means of dealing with disasters, such as fires and floods?

Answer 11

Augustus

Question 12

Ch 12: The altar of Augustan Peace celebrates what?

Answer 12

The Pax Romana, or peaceful period.

Question 13

Ch 12: What did Nero do?

Answer 13

He was a douche who killed a lot of people and set fire to Rome.

Question 14

Ch 12: What was the Roman advantage of using building materials like concrete, brick, and small stones in lieu of large stones that had to be dressed?

Answer 14

It was an “additive” process that cut down on material and time spent on construction.

Question 15

Ch 12: What is considered the masterpiece of Roman architecture? What makes it unique?

Answer 15

The Pantheon. Each architectural achievement of Mediterranean civilizations, Greek, and Roman, coexist.

Question 16

Ch 12: Describe the Pantheon and what its source of light is.

Answer 16

Front porch of Greek architecture with a rotunda of concrete in the rear. Light comes from the Occulus.

Question 17

Ch 12: What’s remarkable about the dome of the Pantheon.

Answer 17

Aside from the Occulus, it was the largest concrete span until mid twentieth century.

Question 18

Ch 12: With regards to the Roman baths, what are the natatio, frigidarium, caldarium, and palaestrae?

Answer 18

The Olympian-style pool, cold bath, warm bath, and exercise room.

Question 19

Ch 12: How was the Colosseum funded?

Answer 19

Spoils of war from sacking of Temple at Jerusalem (gold and silver).

Question 20

Ch 12: Name the Orders of the Colosseum.

Answer 20

From bottom to top: Tuscan, Iconic, and Corinthian.

Question 21

Ch 12: What is the fifth Order, and what is the first example?

Answer 21

Composite Order. First seen at the Arch of Titus.

Question 22

Ch 12: In relation to Roman infrastructure, what are the Cardo Maximus and Decumanus Maximum?

Answer 22

The are the main north-south and east west roads.

Question 23

Ch 12: The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire lists the names of who? Why?

Answer 23

5 Good Emperors. They are emperors when much of the public architecture was built.

Question 24

Ch 12: In an effort to save the empire, Diocletian formed what kind of rule?

Answer 24

Tetrarchy.

Question 25

Ch 12: In Diocletian’s tetrarchy, who ruled?

Answer 25

4 governors, 2 emperors, and 2 Caesars.