Chapter 17 - The Byzantine Empire

Question 1

Ch 17: In essence, the Byzantine Empire was really just what and why?

Answer 1

The Roman Empire, 2.0 because the citizens considered themselves Roman.

Question 2

Ch 17: Culturally the Byzantines were stable for 12 centuries with the exception of iconoclasm. What is it, and what’s it similar to today?

Answer 2

Sect that believes the use of religious images is heresy, similar to Pentecostals.

Question 3

Ch 17: In the Middle Byzantine period, this cross was used as a plan (all four arms of the cross were of equal length).

Answer 3

Greek cross.

Question 4

Ch 17: The greatest contribution of Byzantine architecture, from a structural standpoint, is the development of the _______ ______ perched upon a ______ _______.

Answer 4

Circular dome; square base.

Question 5

Ch 17: The development of the dome over a square was achieved with a transitional structural element called a pendentive, which was what?

Answer 5

A triangular segment of vaulting which spans between the arch that support a dome above.

Question 6

Ch 17: The most important artistic contribution of Byzantine architecture was the use of ______.

Answer 6

Mosaics.

Question 7

Ch 17: Background colors for Byzantine mosaics are typically ______ with green grass, or _______.

Answer 7

Gold; blue.

Question 8

Ch 17: Constantine’s mother, St. Helen, was said to have discovered this in Jerusalem.

Answer 8

Jesus’ cross.

Question 9

Ch 17: The Roman emperor Honorius moved the capital of the Western Empire from Rome to _______.

Answer 9

Ravenna.

Question 10

The Western Roman Empire was overthrown by the leader of the Ostrogoths, what was his name?

Answer 10

Odoacer.

Question 11

Ch 17: Honorius’ sister usurped the rule of the Western Empire from her son, Valentinian. What was this kick-ass bitch’s name, and what was built for her?

Answer 11

Galla Placidia. The Tomba di Galla Placidia (mausoleum) was built for her.

Question 12

Ch 17: These forms are usually semicircular recess in the church dome.

Answer 12

Apses.

Question 13

Ch 17: 4 Evengelists are depicted in mosaics within the Basilica di Sant’Apollinare in Classe. Who are they?

Answer 13

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke.

Question 14

Ch 17: Due to low literacy rates, Byzantine art is both decorative and _________.

Answer 14

Functional.

Question 15

Ch 17: Which structure was developed by 2 mathematicians?

Answer 15

Hagia Sophia

Question 16

Ch 17: Why were massive buttresses aded to the Hagia Sophia?

Answer 16

To protect it from further damage by earthquakes.

Question 17

Ch 17: What 2 structures are considered masterpieces of Byzantine architecture (one of which was developed by mathematicians)?

Answer 17

Hagia Sophia and St. Mark’s Basilica (Basilica San Marco).

Question 18

Ch 17: St. Mark’s Basilica has the greatest collection of _________; and it’s architectural style is a combination of _______ and _________ styles.

Answer 18

Mosaics; Byzantine and Romanesque styles.

Question 19

Ch 17: St. Mark was buried in _________, but his body was stolen and returned to ______ where he was prophesied to be buried.

Answer 19

Alexandria; Venice.

Question 20

Ch 17: The Cathedral of the Protection of Most Holy Theotokos on the Moat is more commonly known as what? Where is it?

Answer 20

St. Basils Cathedral, it’s in Moscow’s Red Square.

Question 21

Ch 17: An architectural style called Saracenic, was mixed with what cultural styles?

Answer 21

Norse, Arab, and Byzantine.