Chapter 17 - The Byzantine Empire Flashcards

1
Q

Ch 17: In essence, the Byzantine Empire was really just what and why?

A

The Roman Empire, 2.0 because the citizens considered themselves Roman.

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2
Q

Ch 17: Culturally the Byzantines were stable for 12 centuries with the exception of iconoclasm. What is it, and what’s it similar to today?

A

Sect that believes the use of religious images is heresy, similar to Pentecostals.

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3
Q

Ch 17: In the Middle Byzantine period, this cross was used as a plan (all four arms of the cross were of equal length).

A

Greek cross.

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4
Q

Ch 17: The greatest contribution of Byzantine architecture, from a structural standpoint, is the development of the _______ ______ perched upon a ______ _______.

A

Circular dome; square base.

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5
Q

Ch 17: The development of the dome over a square was achieved with a transitional structural element called a pendentive, which was what?

A

A triangular segment of vaulting which spans between the arch that support a dome above.

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6
Q

Ch 17: The most important artistic contribution of Byzantine architecture was the use of ______.

A

Mosaics.

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7
Q

Ch 17: Background colors for Byzantine mosaics are typically ______ with green grass, or _______.

A

Gold; blue.

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8
Q

Ch 17: Constantine’s mother, St. Helen, was said to have discovered this in Jerusalem.

A

Jesus’ cross.

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9
Q

Ch 17: The Roman emperor Honorius moved the capital of the Western Empire from Rome to _______.

A

Ravenna.

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10
Q

The Western Roman Empire was overthrown by the leader of the Ostrogoths, what was his name?

A

Odoacer.

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11
Q

Ch 17: Honorius’ sister usurped the rule of the Western Empire from her son, Valentinian. What was this kick-ass bitch’s name, and what was built for her?

A

Galla Placidia. The Tomba di Galla Placidia (mausoleum) was built for her.

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12
Q

Ch 17: These forms are usually semicircular recess in the church dome.

A

Apses.

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13
Q

Ch 17: 4 Evengelists are depicted in mosaics within the Basilica di Sant’Apollinare in Classe. Who are they?

A

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke.

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14
Q

Ch 17: Due to low literacy rates, Byzantine art is both decorative and _________.

A

Functional.

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15
Q

Ch 17: Which structure was developed by 2 mathematicians?

A

Hagia Sophia

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16
Q

Ch 17: Why were massive buttresses aded to the Hagia Sophia?

A

To protect it from further damage by earthquakes.

17
Q

Ch 17: What 2 structures are considered masterpieces of Byzantine architecture (one of which was developed by mathematicians)?

A

Hagia Sophia and St. Mark’s Basilica (Basilica San Marco).

18
Q

Ch 17: St. Mark’s Basilica has the greatest collection of _________; and it’s architectural style is a combination of _______ and _________ styles.

A

Mosaics; Byzantine and Romanesque styles.

19
Q

Ch 17: St. Mark was buried in _________, but his body was stolen and returned to ______ where he was prophesied to be buried.

A

Alexandria; Venice.

20
Q

Ch 17: The Cathedral of the Protection of Most Holy Theotokos on the Moat is more commonly known as what? Where is it?

A

St. Basils Cathedral, it’s in Moscow’s Red Square.

21
Q

Ch 17: An architectural style called Saracenic, was mixed with what cultural styles?

A

Norse, Arab, and Byzantine.