Chapter 20 - The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Flashcards
This is the pump that circulates blood throughout the human body.
The heart
What must each body cell receive a constant supply of at all times?
Blood
How many times does the heart beat per day? How man allows of blood does it pump each day?
100,000 / 3600 gallons
The heart is about the same size as?
A closed fist
The heart sits where?
In the thoracic cavity near the midline
The heart rests where?
On the diaphragm within the mediastinum
This is a mass of tissue that extends from the sternum to the vertebral column between the lungs.
Mediastinum
This is the inferior pointed portion of the heart that is directed to the left.
Apex
This is the road posterior surface of the heart
Base
Since the heart lies between the vertebral column and the sternum, what can be sued to force blood out of the heart and into circulation?
External chest compressions
What can be used to keep oxygenated blood circulating in the body when the heart suddenly stops beating?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
This is the membrane that surrounds and protects the heart.
Pericardium
Name the 2 parts of the pericardium.
Fibrous and serous pericardium
This is the superficial portion of the pericardium
Fibrous pericardium
The serious pericardium consists of what two layers?
Outer parietal and inner visceral
This is the part of the serous pericardium that is fused to the fibrous pericardium.
Parietal layer
Between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium is a space called?
Pericardial cavity
What is the fluid inside the pericardial cavity?
Pericardial fluid
This fluid reduces friction between the fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium as the heart moves while pumping blood
Pericardial fluid
This is the thin transparent outer layer of the heart wall and is also known as the serous pericardium.
Epicardium
This tissue is the middle muscular layer composed of cardiac muscle (a striated, involuntary type of muscle tissue) which is responsible for the pumping action of the heart.
Myocardium
This is a thin layer that lines the chambers of the heart and covers the valves. It is continuous with the lining of the large blood vessels attached to the heart.
Endocardium
What aw the 4 chambers of the heart?
Right & left atrium and the right & left ventricle
These are the superior chambers of the heart. These are the inferior chambers.
Atria / ventricles