Chapter 19 - Blood Flashcards
Liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded by a liquid extra cellular matrix
Blood plasma
This suspends various cells and cell fragments
Blood plasma
3 general functions of blood
Transportation, regulation, protection
Foreign substances like bacteria and viruses that stimulate the production of antibodies
Antigens
This is determined by the type of chemical substances (antigens) found in the plasma membranes of an individual’s red blood cells
Human blood types
This blood type is determined by the type of sugars attached to the membrane
ABO blood types
This blood type is determined by the type of proteins in the membrane
Rh blood types
4 blood types
A, B, AB, O
Blood type contains A antigens
A
Blood type that contains B antigens
B
Blood type containing both type A and type B antigens
AB
Blood type lacking both A and B antigens
O
Inheritance of ABO blood types is based upon?
Multiple alleles
Instead of just 2 types of alleles for a trait, there are how many? They are?
3 A, B, O
Both A and B alleles are dominant to?
O
Are A and B alleles dominate to each other?
No
There are 6 genotypes possible for inheritance. They are?
AO (type A), AA (A), BO (B), BB (B), AB (AB), OO (O)
Rh positive individuals contain the Rh factor where? Do Rh negative individuals contain the trait there?
In their RBC’s, No
This individual may contain 2 Rh positive genes (++) or 1 Rh positive gene and 1 Rh negative gene (+-).
Rh positive
Which gene is dominant to Rh negative?
Rh positive
This type of individual may contain 2 Rh negative genes (–)
Rh negative
During medical emergencies involving blood loss, this may be given to an individual
Blood transfusions
What happens if an individual is given blood containing antigens he/she does not normally have?
The immune system is stimulated to attack the transfused cells
Rh negative individuals can receive only what kind of blood?
Negative
Rh positive individuals can receive?
Either Rh positive or Rh negative
Blood type A can receive?
Either A or O
Blood type B can receive?
either B or O
Blood type AB can receive?
A, B, AB, or O
Blood tepee O can receive?
Only O
Individuals with type-O blood are called?
Universal donors
Individuals with type AB+ blood are called?
Universal recipients
Blood is either dark red or bright red depending on?
The amount of oxygen in it
Donated RBC’s must be used within how many days?
42
How many units are blood are used everyday in the US?
40.000
Hw many cells are in the bloodstream?
More than 5 trillon
O all the eligible donors, how many actually donate?
5%
How long do RBC’s live in the circulatory system?
120 days
How many miles of blood vessels does the body contain?
70,000
How often can blood donors donate?
Every 56 days (8 weeks)
Average adult has how many pints of blood in the body
10 pints
Humans stand how much of a chance of needing blood by 72?
95%
What percentage of body weight does blood contribute to
7%
Hw many donations does it are every day to meet the blood need in TN?
400
Every second, how many old cells are replaced with new cells?
8 million
Your heart pumps blood through your circulatory system how man times a day?
More than 1,000
How many RBC’s does a single drop of blood contain?
Millions
How many units of blood can a sickle cell patient use a week?
More than 4 units
Within how long should donated blood be used?
Within 35 days
Females receive what percentage of transfused blood?
53%
How much of the US. Population has 0- blood?
7%
Donated RBC’s are replaced within how long?
3-4 weeks
How many patients can 1 pint of blood help?
4
