Chapter 20 Review Part 1~ Chemical Texture Services: Permanent Waving Flashcards
Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be ___.
Acid balanced
A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the ___.
Double tool technique
The action of waving lotion is to ___.
expand the hair
The main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms is ___.
Ammonium Thioglycolate
The main active ingredient in balanced waving lotion is ___.
Glycerol Monothioglycolate
If hair breaks under fey slight strain, it has ___.
Little or no elasticity
Hair texture describes the ___ of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse.
Diameter
The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its ___.
Porosity
Keratin proteins are made of long chains of ___ linked together end-to-end like beads.
Amino acids
The chemical action of ___ breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair.
Waving lotion
Straight rods are equal in ___.
diameter
What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?
Fine texture
When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be ___ re-bonded.
Chemically
Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by ___.
Peptide bonds
The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is known as ___.
Exothermic
Bonds that are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains are joined together are ___.
Disulfide bonds
___ rods, have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends, resulting in a tighter curl at the hair ends, with a loose, winder curl at the scalp.
Concave
A perm activated by am outside heat source, usually a conventional hood dryer is known as ___.
Endothermic
The basic perm wrap is also called a ___ wrap.
Straight set
When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 90 degrees (perpendicular) to its base section, it will result in ___.
Half off-base
What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?
Coarse
The ___ wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.
Weave technique
When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in ___.
On base
The ___ wrap creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.
Curvature
All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels which are further divided into subsections called ___.
Base section
Base control refers to the position of the tool in relation to its ___ and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.
Base section
Underprocessing is caused by ___ processing time of the waving lotion.
Insufficient
The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the strand to re-curl is called ____.
Processing time
When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, it is called the ___.
Single flat-wrap
In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first ___ minutes.
5 to 10
If too many ___ bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.
Disulfide
End wraps are absorbant papers used to ___ of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm rods.
Control
What can be used to determine the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?
Preliminary Test Curl
When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the ___.
Bookend Wrap
In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are re-formed ___.
immediately
Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are ___ bonds.
Peptide
Some manufacturers recommend that the application of a ___ after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.
Pre-Neutralizing Conditioner
An ___ liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for five minutes prior to neutralization if hair is damaged.
Acid
Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least ___ minutes before applying the neutralizer.
5
If the hair is not ___, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with the waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.
Rinsed Properly
Relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite charges are ___ bonds.
hydrogen
Neutralization rebuilds the ___ by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.
Disulfide Bonds
When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the ___.
Nape
Many male clients are looking for added ____, fullness, style, and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.
texture
The measurement of the thickness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows is known as ___.
Viscosity
The ___ wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.
Brick Lay
The ___ wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racquet.
Spiral
In order to make a smooth transition from the rolled section of the head to an unrolled section, use a larger tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a ___.
Partial Perm
Perming only a section of a whole head of hair is called ___.
Partial Perm
Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause ___, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.
Uneven curl
