Chapter 2 Test

Question 1

What is a datum point?

Answer 1

A permanent, fixed point of reference used in mapping a crime scene

Example: A datum point could be a lamppost located at the corner of the crime scene

Question 2

What are linear, quadrant, zone, spiral, and search patterns used for?

Answer 2

To systematically search a crime scene to ensure that no area is left unsearched and all evidence is found

Question 3

What must be on the label/attached to an evidence container?

Answer 3

An evidence log and chain of custody card must be attached to the evidence container

Question 4

Define direct evidence

Answer 4

Evidence that is authentic supports an alleged fact of a case. This includes witness statements, security footage, and confessions

Question 5

What is individual evidence?

Answer 5

A kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or thing

Question 6

What is the goal of a crime scene investigation?

Answer 6

To recognize, document, photograph, and collect evidence at the scene of a crime to help piece together what happened and solve the crime

Question 7

What is circumstantial evidence?

Answer 7

Indirect evidence used to imply a fact but not support it directly

Question 8

Give examples of circumstantial evidence, specifically trace evidence

Answer 8

Fingerprints, bodily fluids like semen, saliva, or blood, soil or plant materials like pollen, paint chips, broken glass, chemicals, hair

Question 9

Define class evidence

Answer 9

Material that connects an individual or thing to a certain group

Question 10

Who makes up the crime scene investigation team?

Answer 10

Police officers, crime-scene investigators, medical examiners, detectives, and specialist legal and scientific professionals

Question 11

Who are the specialists at a crime scene?

Answer 11

Entomologists (bug people), forensic scientists, and forensic psychologists

Question 12

Who is the first to arrive at a crime scene?

Answer 12

The first responder, typically a police officer

Question 13

What do medical examiners and coroners do?

Answer 13

Determine the manner of death as natural, accidental, homicide, suicide, or undetermined

Question 14

What is the job of a crime scene investigator?

Answer 14

Document the crime scene in detail and collect physical evidence. Record data, sketch the scene, and take photos

Question 15

Who is responsible for securing the crime scene?

Answer 15

The first responder, though they may request additional people to help secure the scene

Question 16

How should different kinds of evidence be packaged?

Answer 16

Paper bindle for small, dry trace evidence
Liquids and arson remain in airtight, unbreakable containers
Moist biological material stored in breathable containers to air dry then put in a paper bindle

Question 17

What do forensic lab technicians do?

Answer 17

Process and analyze one type of evidence in a forensic lab to help solve crimes

Question 18

What is involved in crime scene reconstruction?

Answer 18

Forming a hypothesis of the sequence of events from before the crime was committed through its commission

Question 19

Define chain of custody

Answer 19

The documented and unbroken transfer of evidence

Question 20

What are primary and secondary crime scenes?

Answer 20

Primary: the location where the crime took place
Secondary: A location related to the crime where evidence is found

Question 21

The job of a detective

Answer 21

Detectives interview witnesses and talk to the crime-scene investigators about the evidence

Question 22

Crime-scene Investigation-

Answer 22

A multidisciplinary approach in which scientific and legal professionals work together to solve a crime

Question 23

Crime-scene Reconstruction-

Answer 23

A hypothesis of the sequence of events from before the crime was committed through its commission

Question 24

First responder-

Answer 24

The first safety official to arrive at a crime scene

Question 25

Paper bindle-

Answer 25

A folded paper used to hold trace evidence

Question 26

Trace evidence-

Answer 26

Small but measurable amounts of physical or biological material found at a crime scene

Question 27

Triangulation-

Answer 27

A mathematical method of estimating positions of objects at a location such as a crime scene, given locations of stationary objects