Chapter 16

Question 1

In the past two decades the percentage of drug offenders in prison, increased or decreased

Answer 1

Increased

Question 2

In the last couple decades has release on parole been easier or harder for inmates?

Answer 2

Harder

Question 3

Are victims allowed to make statements at parole hearings?

Answer 3

Yes in most states

Question 4

Can a parolee work as a bartender?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

What is meant by in custody-visitation?

Answer 5

An in-custody visitation is when a parent that is in prison is allowed to have time with their child, so that they can build a relationship.

Question 6

Who operates halfway houses?

Answer 6

Halfway houses are operated by private organizations or by the state corrections department.

Question 7

Who has the power to enforce conditions of release?

Answer 7

Parole officers in their role of cop have the power to enforce them.

Question 8

True false; most parole officers have little difficulty in monitoring the behavior of parolees

Answer 8

False, it is hard to monitor, control, and assist clients who have little knowledge of society.

Question 9

If those released on parole , do they adjust quickly to the outside world?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Can increasing restriction on parolees affect their families, or communities?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Are their people on the sex offenders registry who have committed very low level offenses?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

If a parolee commits a technical violation will that require a hearing?

Answer 12

Yes, a two -step hearing process is required because of Morrissey v. Brewer.

Question 13

What is the general consensus of parolees that fail a drug test, is it that they should be sent back to prison?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

An inmate that maxes their time out, can a parole board hold the inmate any longer?

Answer 14

A parole board can’t hold the inmate any longer if they max out their time.

Question 15

What is the second chance act?

Answer 15

The Second Chance Act of 2007 was designed to ensure the safe and successful return of prisoners to the community, It provides federal grants to states and communities to support reentry initiatives focused on employment, housing, substance abuse, mental health treatment, and children and family services.

Question 16

Know what a pardon is

Answer 16

A pardon is an action of the executive branch of the state or federal government excluding the offense and absolving the offender from the consequences of the crime.

Question 17

Does a pardon erase a criminal record?

Answer 17

A pardon can erase a criminal record, it is mostly used like this for first time offenders

Question 18

Is a pardon given as a misscarriage of justice?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What are some of the civil disabilities that are imposed on ex-felons?

Answer 19

forfeiture of the right to vote, serve on a jury, hold public office, and are restricted from certain types of employment, and obtaining certain licenses.

Question 20

What is a ticket of leave?

Answer 20

A ticket of leave is a system of conditional release from prison, devised by Captain Alexander Maconochie and first developed in Ireland by Sir Walter Crofton. This is the earliest form of parole.

Question 21

Can a mandatory release date be affected by good time?

Answer 21

A mandatory release date can be affected and made lower based on good time; the sentence equals total sentence - good time.

Question 22

Know what a furlough is

Answer 22

A furlough is the temporary release of an inmate from a correctional institution for a brief period, usually one to three days, for a visit home. Such programs help maintain family ties and prepare inmates for release on parole.

Question 23

Where did the concept of parole originate?

Answer 23

The concept of parole first developed in England, Australia, and Ireland. England-Captain Alexander Maconochie first made it, it was then expanded to Ireland and Australia. These early forms used a ticket of leave.

Question 24

Is rehabilitation a concept upon which parole is based on?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

What is meant by mandatory release?

Answer 25

Mandatory release is the required release of an inmate from incarceration to community supervision upon the expiration of a certain period, as specified by a determinate-sentencing law or parole guidelines. This is used in federal and state jurisdictions with determinate sentences and good-time provisions without a parole board.

Question 26

What is discretionary release?

Answer 26

Discretionary release is used in states allowing indeterminate sentences. It is the release of an inmate from prison to conditional supervision at the discretion of the parole board, and within the boundaries set by the sentence and penal law.

Question 27

What is the Expiration release?

Answer 27

Expirational release is the release of an inmate from incarceration, without any further correctional supervision; the inmate cannot be returned to prison for any remaining portion of the sentence for the current offense.

Question 28

What is conditions of release?

Answer 28

Conditions of release are the conduct restrictions that parolees must follow as a legally binding requirement of being released. It is designed to aid their reentry to society and control their movements.

Question 29

What is other conditional release?

Answer 29

Other conditional releases is a term used by some states to avoid the rigidity of mandatory release by placing convicts under supervision in various community settings. It also helps to avoid the appearance of the politically sensitive label “discretionary release”

Question 30

Who is permitted to attend a parole hearing/meeting?

Answer 30

State parole boards are typically made of citizens appointed by the governor, while not in every state in most states crime victims or family are allowed to attend and speak, a prosecutor may attend to speak about the offender, and correctional officers/parole officers.

Question 31

What is meant by work and educational release?

Answer 31

Work and educational release is when an inmate is released during the daytime from correctional institutions so they can work or attend school, but return to the prison at night.

Question 32

How do the general public feel about construction of a halfway house in their community?

Answer 32

The general public tend to adopt a “not in my backyard” attitude about halfway houses in their community as they worry that the area is going to become more dangerous or devalued.

Question 33

What are the two roles played by a parole officer?

Answer 33

The two roles played by a parole officer are cop and social worker.

Question 34

Who grants pardons in the United states?

Answer 34

Pardons in the United States are granted by the governor or president. They make individual decisions based on the advice of a pardon commission or from an agency within the attorney general’s office.

Question 35

How did ticket-of-leave come about?

Answer 35

Tickets of leave first started in nineteenth century England by Captain Alexander Maconochie. He made a system of rewards, labor, and study. Prisoners went through stages of more responsibility; 1 strict imprisonment, 2 labor on government chain gangs, 3 freedom within a limited area, 4 a ticket of leave granting parole resulting in a conditional pardon, and 5 full restoration of liberty. This was then taken to Ireland by Sir Walter Crofton linking an offender’s behavior to a ticket of leave.

Question 36

What is an expungement?

Answer 36

An expungement is when individual states’ laws through which offenders can have their criminal records erased from public records. This process is often focused on youthful offenders who commit nonviolent offenses in their teens or early twenties

Question 37

Halfway house

Answer 37

A halfway house is a correctional facility housing convicted felons who spend a portion of their day at work in the community but reside in the halfway house during non-working hours.

Question 38

Know probation release

Answer 38

Probation release is the release of an inmate from incarceration to probation supervision, as required by a sentencing judge.

Question 39

Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)-

Answer 39

Due process rights require a prompt, informal two-part inquiry before an impartial hearing officer prior to parole revocation. The parolee may present relevant information and confront witnesses.

Question 40

Civil disabilities

Answer 40

Legal restrictions that prevent released felons from voting, serving on juries, and holding public office.

Question 41

Parole-

Answer 41

The conditional release of an inmate from incarceration under supervision after a part of the prison sentence has been served.