Chapter 2 Memory - Types of long-term memory

Question 1

Episodic memory?

Answer 1

Memory for events in our lives (‘diary’). Time stamped.

Question 2

Semantic memory?

Answer 2

Memory for knowledge of the world, like an encyclopaedia & dictionary (knowledge of words).

Question 3

Procedural memory?

Answer 3

Memory for automatic & often skilled behaviours. Unconscious recall.

Question 4

Evaluations of types of long-term memory? SLSX

Answer 4

S - Clinical evidence
L - Conflicting neuroimaging evidence
S - Real-world application
X - Same or different?

Question 5

Evaluation of types of long-term memory - Clinical evidence? S

Answer 5

• Clive Wearing & HM had damaged episodic memories but semantic & procedural memories were relatively fine.
• CP is that clinical studies like control of variables (e.g. memory before injury).

Question 6

Evaluation of types of long-term memory - Conflicting neuroimaging evidence? L

Answer 6

Research links semantic to left prefrontal cortex and episodic to right (Buckner & Petersen), different in other studies (Tulving et al.)

Question 7

Evaluation of types of long-term memory - Real-world application? S

Answer 7

Old-age memory loss improved by intervention to target episodic memory (Belleville et al.)

Question 8

Evaluation of types of long-term memory - Same or different? X

Answer 8

Tulving now suggests episodic may be specialised subcategory of semantic but Alzheimer’s patients could form episodic not semantic memories (Hodges & Patterson).