Chapter 2: Detection of Pathogens

Question 1

What is a receptor

Answer 1

A receptor is a molecule that binds to another molecule called its ligand

Question 2

What are the 2 ways a pathogen can be detected by the immune system?

Answer 2

Pattern Recognition Receptors and Antigen Receptors

Question 3

Where are pattern Recognition Receptors located?

Answer 3

mostly on white blood cells

Question 4

What are the 3 major Toll Like Receptors?

Answer 4

TLR4, 5, and 9

Question 5

What do each of the 3 TLRs recognize?

Answer 5

TLR4 : lipopolysaccharide in cell walls of gram - bacteria

TLR5 : bacteria flagellin (protein)

TLR9 : recognizes DNA (presence is an indicator for the receptor )

Question 6

Which of these two trigger an immune response?

1.Cell apoptosis or Cell necrosis

Answer 6

Cell necrosis triggers an immune response

Question 7

What are the antigen receptors on B and T cells referred to as?

Answer 7

T cell receptors (TCR)

B Cell receptors (BCR)

Question 8

What is the reason behind the adaptive immune system being so specific?

Answer 8

Antigen receptors

Question 9

What is an epitope?

Answer 9

The part of the antigen that binds to the antibody

Question 10

If receptors are located in the plasma membrane what does it bind to? `

Answer 10

the surface components of pathogens

Question 11

If receptors are located in the endosomal membranes what does it bind to?

Answer 11

Nucleic Acids after they become accessible from phagocytosis