Chapter 2-Colonizing America Flashcards
List four French explorers of America
Champlain
Cartier
Marquette
Joliet
New France included ____ and ___.
Canada and Quebec
French explorers were attempting to find a _____ through the American Continent.
Northwest Passage
What river was the center of most French settlement in North America?
St. Lawrence River
What cased a lack of land in England in the 1600s?
creation of large estates and the enclosure movment
_____ was an English explorer in the 1500s but did not create an English settlement.
John Cabot
Sebastian Cabot
What is a Privateer?
A pirate with a licence from a monarch
What were Pirates looking for in the Caribbean?
Spanish gold shipments
Martin Luther’s revolution against the Roman Catholic Pope was called the ____.
Reformation
Lutherans were called ____ by the Pope.
Heretics
The breaking of ties between the King and the church in Rome leads to an independent nation of _____.
England
____ being arrested in the 1650s leads to a Civil War in England by the 1660s.
Puritans
He led Parliament’s army during England’s Civil War.
Oliver Cromwell
He led the king’s army of Cavaliers during England’s Civil War.
King Charles I
After the death of Oliver Cromwell, English nobility ask for a Restoration of the monarchy under King ____.
King Charles II
____ was the first attempt to have an English settlement on the coast of North America in the 1580s but it fails.
Roanoke Island
This was the first permanent English colony in present day United States
Jamestown, Va.
Native American Indian group in colonial Virginia
Powhatan
Indians, diseases, starvation, work policies, gentlemen settlers were all troubles at ___.
Jamestown, Va.
Maryland established a ____ act allowing all types of Christian beliefs to settle in the colony.
Toleration Act
Maryland encouraged this religious group to settle within its boundaries.
Catholics
In the 1670s, Charles Town became the primary settlement in this English colony.
South Carolina
This colony was considered the backwater country of Virginia with few direct sea harbors.
North Carolina
This colony was established by James Oglethorpe for debtors.
Georgia
List the five New England territories.
Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut New Hampshire Maine
What company was established to found Jamestown in Virginia?
London Company
What company was established to found a colony in New England?
Massachusetts Bay Company
What Indian helped out the first settlers in Plymouth, Mass.
Squanto
____ established a covenant community at Plymouth, Mass.
Mayflower Compact
Boston was the primary settlement for the ____ in Massachusetts.
Puritans
This war led to the ultimate annihilation of the Native American Indians in New England.
King Phillip’s War
Roger Williams establishes this colony for religious freedom from Puritan rules.
Rhode Island and Providence Plantation
Who established the Connecticut colony
Thomas Hooker at Hartford, Conn.
____ becomes the first official written constitution of any English colony.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
List the four Middle Colonies.
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
What European nation first settled in Manhattan?
The Netherlands or Dutch
Who was the first significant leader of Dutch New Netherlands?
Peter Stuyvesant
By the 1660s, New Netherlands is captured by the English and renamed ____.
New York
William Penn established a treaty with the ____ in order to start his colony of Pennsylvania.
Leeni Lenape
William Penn encouraged ____ to move to his Pennsylvania colnoly
Quakers
This city becomes the center of William Penn’s colony, the so called “City of Brotherly Love”
Phladelphia
The “Lower Counties of Pennsylvania” becomes known as the colony of ____.
Delaware
This was the first Spanish government in the Western Hemisphere.
Council of the Indies
____ was the Spanish ruling classes in their colonies.
Hildalgos
____ were established in Spanish colonies to Christianize native American Indians.
Catholic missions
The ____ was the center of most Spanish settlements and provided protection from invading or warring enemies.
Presideos
This was the royal road that stretched up the Pacific Coast in the Spanish colonies like California
El Camino Real
He was the Spanish Conquistador of the Inca in Peru
Francisco Pizzaro
He was the conqueror of the Aztec in Mexico.
Heran Cortez
Tenochtitlan was the capital of the ___ empire.
Aztec Empire
Weapons, strategy, tactics and ____ were all central to European domination over Native American Indian Empires.
diseases
This is the title of Spanish commanders of the military expeditions to defeat Native American Indian Empires.
Conquistadors
