Chapter 2 Flashcards
Phrenology
Theory that claimed bumps on the C-skull could reveal our mental abilities and are character traits
Action potential
A neural impulse is: a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon. Potential for a neuron to fire again
Sensory neurons
Carry messages from the bodies tissue and sensory organs in word to the brain and spinal cord for processing (body to brain)
Motor neurons
Carry outgoing information from brain to spinal cord to the muscles and glands (brain to body)
Intern neurons
Information is processed by these in the brain between sensory and motor input/output
Dendrite fiber
Receive information and conducted toward the cell body
Myelin sheath
Insulates the axons of some neurons and help spread their impulses
Neurotransmitters
Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gap between neurons
They are like grappling hooks thrown to scale a building
Acetylcholine
Euro transmitters that function in motor movement and muscle control: play a role in memory/learning
Lack of it can lead to Alzheimer’s
Dopamine
Functions in motor control and mental alertness
Emotions
Serotonin
Affects mood hunger sleep and arousal
Back of this leads to depression
Norepinephrine
Helps control alertness and arousal. Also linked to Depression
GABA is
A major and have a Tory neurotransmitter. Lack of this is linked to seizures and insomnia
Endorphins
Functions in pain control, involved in serious addiction’s
Released in physical activity such as running biking soccer etc.
Agonist
Similar enough to neurotransmitters to mimic affects
Antagonist
Blocks and neurotransmitters functions
Sensory neurons example of function
Your nerves in your fingers tell you when you touch a hot stove