Chapter 2

Question 1

finio, -ire, -ivi, -itum

Answer 1

to limit, bound

Question 2

intellego, intellegere, intellexi, intellectum

Answer 2

understand; realize

Question 3

actus, -us, M.

Answer 3

act

Question 4

equidem (adv.)

Answer 4

truly; indeed

Question 5

huiusmodi

Answer 5

of this sort; such (also used as a pronoun, in imitation of Greek)

Question 6

possideo, possidere

Answer 6

to possess

Question 7

ideo (conj.)

Answer 7

therefore

Question 8

exinde (adv.)

Answer 8

thence, from that

Question 9

exurgo, exurgere, exurrexi, exurrectus

Answer 9

to arise, to come to being

Question 10

infero, inferre, intuli, illatus

Answer 10

to infer

Question 11

nempe (adv.)

Answer 11

namely

Question 12

quod, quia, quoniam

Answer 12

quod, quia, quoniam are used in post-Classical Latin to introduce indirect statements (instead of the Classical accusative+infinitive construction). Following verbs of speaking, thinking, feeling, believing, etc., the conjunction quod, quia, or quoniam often introduce a clause with its verb in the indicative mood.

Question 13

Substantive Use of Participles

Answer 13

When a participle is used substantively, it is often necessary to translate in English with a phrase. E.g., finitus = something limited; a finite thing

Question 14

Adverbs Derived from Adjectives

Answer 14

Most adverbs are derived from adjectives by modifying their termination. This is similar to English, where we can make adverbs by adding the suffix “-ly” to an adjective (e.g., quick => quickly). In Latin, adjectives from the 1st/2nd declension are transformed into adverbs by changing their ending to “-e”, while adjectives from the 3rd declension become adverbs by adding “-iter” to the stem (stems ending in “-nt” add only “-er”).

Other adverbs come from the following sources:

1. The ablative neuter or feminine singular of adjectives, pronouns, and nouns can produce adverbs (e.g. falso, falsely; recta, straightaway; vulgo, comonly; vero, in fact, truly).
2. Idiomatic phrases which have merged into single words (e.g. scilicet, that is to say, namely; nihilominus, nevertheless; videlicet, it is easy to see, clearly, to wit; postmodo, presently).
3. Adverbs ending in “-tim” (e.g. separatim, separately; passim, everywhere, in many cases, indiscriminately; interim, meanwhile; generatim, generally; paulatim, gradually).

Question 15

falso (adv.)

Answer 15

falsely

Question 16

recta (adv.)

Answer 16

straightaway

Question 17

vulgo (adv.)

Answer 17

commonly

Question 18

vero (adv.)

Answer 18

in fact, truly

Question 19

vero (conj.)

Answer 19

but

Question 20

scilicet (adv.)

Answer 20

that is to say, namely

Question 21

nihilominus (adv.)

Answer 21

nevertheless

Question 22

videlicet (adv.)

Answer 22

it is easy to see, clearly, to wit

Question 23

postmodo (adv.)

Answer 23

presently

Question 24

separatim (adv.)

Answer 24

separately

Question 25

passim (adv.)

Answer 25

everywhere, in many cases, indiscriminately

Question 26

interim (adv.)

Answer 26

meanwhile

Question 27

generatim (adv.)

Answer 27

generally

Question 28

paulatim (adv.)

Answer 28

gradually