Chapter 2 Flashcards
White matter
Composed of axons, projections of nerve cells and myelin
Internal capsule
Composed of axons connecting the cerebral cortex with other areas of CNS
Gray matter
Composed of neuron cell bodies
Ganglia
Groups of neuron cell bodies in the PNS
Nuclei
Groups of cell bodies in the CNS
Efferent axons
In PNS
Carry information away from the CNS
RED (motor)
Afferent axons
In PNS
Carries information from peripheral receptors to CNS
BLUE (sensory)
Features of anterior medulla
Pyramid, Olive, pyramidal decussation
Brainstem function
Neurons control equilibrium, cardiovascular activity, respiration, eye movement, and other functions
Hypothalamus
Inferior to thalamus
mamillary bodies are prominent feature
Epithalamus
Posterosuperior to thalamus
Consists primarily of pineal gland - influence secretion of endocrine glands
Subthalamus
Inferolateral to thalamus
part of neural circuit that controls movement
Thalamic nuclei
Relay info to cerebral cortex
Process emotion and memory info, touch and visual info, arousal, attention, consciousness
Corpus callosum
Huge bundle of axons that connects right and left cerebral cortices
Basal ganglia
Caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus
Involved in social, goal oriented behavior, movement, emotions
Amygdala
Major nucleus involved in emotions and motivation
Hippocampus
Declarative memory system
Processes memory for facts
Fornix
White matter bundle that connects hippocampus with hypothalamus
Interventricular foramen
Connects lateral ventricles with 3rd ventricle
Cerebral acquednct
Connects 3rd and 4th ventricle
Meninges
Dura, arachnoid, pia
Internal carotid arteries
Supply blood to most of cerebrum
Vertebral arteries
Supply blood to occipital, inferior temporal lobes,brainsten, cerebellar region
Basilar artery
Supplies blood to pons and most of cerebellum
Circle of Willis
Area where 6 large paired arteries and 3 small communicating arteries join at the bottom interior side of the brain
