Chapter 19 - Secondary Economic Activity Flashcards
Define secondary economic activity
Where raw materials are processed, or processed materials are further processes
What is an entrepreneur?
A person who organises and takes on the risk of a new business
What are the 8 factors that influence where a factory develops?
- Raw materials
- Labour
- Transport facilities
- Markets
- Services
- Capital
- Government Policies
- Preferences
Describe weight gain industries
When the finished product is bigger/heavier than the resource material e.g flour -> bread
Describe weight loss industries
When the finished product is smaller/lighter that the raw material it was made from e.g trees-> timber
Outline the system at Intel (Leixlip)
- Input -> silicon
- Process -> manufacturing of silicon chips, involves making transistors
- Outputs -> microprocessors
What are footloose industries?
industries that can locate in a wide variety of places. i.e. aren’t tied to a particular location
What is industrial inertia?
When a company has every reason to move but decides not to
What is a MNC?
A Multinational Corporation - an enterprise that produces at least 25% of its world output outside its country of origin e.g Coca-Cola
Outline the system at Auginish Alumina
- Input -> bauxite, caustic soda, electricity
- Process -> bauxite is crushed and mixed with caustic soda and heated
- Output -> alumina powder
What is the IDA and what does it do?
Industrial Development Agency- works to attract foreign investors to Ireland
What percentage of women made up the Irish workforce in 1998?
38.6%
What percentage of women made up the Irish workforce in 2005?
41.8%
What percentage of women made up the Irish workforce in 2011?
44%
What were the 3 main reasons for the changing role of women in industry in Ireland?
> Free secondary education
Employment Equality Acts
The Women’s Liberation Movement
Describe how education changed the role of women in industry in Ireland
The introduction of free secondary education for all in the late 1960s early 1970s gave girls a better chance to education. Many more went to third level education and on to have careers
What did the Employment Equality Acts do?
It made discrimination based on gender illegal
What did the women’s liberation movement do?
This changed the status of women. It meant they could continue to work after marriage
Outline some of the gender inequalities for women in employment
- Many women work in lower paid jobs e.g. office/factory work, catering, cleaning
- Women are often paid less than men, even when doing the same or similar job
- Men are more likely to hold senior positions
- Many more women than men work part-time
What are industrialised countries?
- Located in developing world
- Most industrialised regions in world
- A high proportion of their population work in highly-paid secondary and tertiary sectors
- E.g. Europe (especially Germany), USA, Japan, Australia
What are newly industrialised countries?
- Located in developing world
- Most workers employed in poorly-paid manufacturing jobs
- Industrial growth is rapid
- E.g. India, Brazil
What are industrially emergent countries?
- Located in least developed economies
- Industry is very limited
- Rate of industrial growth is slow
- E.g. Mali, Ethiopia
What is acid rain?
Polluted rain containing dissolved sulphur or nitrogen oxides
How is acid rain formed?
When burned, fossil fuels release sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. These combine with water vapour in the atmosphere and eventually fall as acid rain
What are the negative affects of acid rain?
- Wears away stone buildings and statues
- Washes nutrients from soil and destroys crops
- Creates rapid growth in young trees, affects photosynthesis and can wipe out forests
- Kills fish
