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JC Geography > Chapter 19 - Secondary Economic Activity > Flashcards

Chapter 19 - Secondary Economic Activity Flashcards

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1
Q

Define secondary economic activity

A

Where raw materials are processed, or processed materials are further processes

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2
Q

What is an entrepreneur?

A

A person who organises and takes on the risk of a new business

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3
Q

What are the 8 factors that influence where a factory develops?

A
  1. Raw materials
  2. Labour
  3. Transport facilities
  4. Markets
  5. Services
  6. Capital
  7. Government Policies
  8. Preferences
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4
Q

Describe weight gain industries

A

When the finished product is bigger/heavier than the resource material e.g flour -> bread

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5
Q

Describe weight loss industries

A

When the finished product is smaller/lighter that the raw material it was made from e.g trees-> timber

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6
Q

Outline the system at Intel (Leixlip)

A
  • Input -> silicon
  • Process -> manufacturing of silicon chips, involves making transistors
  • Outputs -> microprocessors
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7
Q

What are footloose industries?

A

industries that can locate in a wide variety of places. i.e. aren’t tied to a particular location

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8
Q

What is industrial inertia?

A

When a company has every reason to move but decides not to

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9
Q

What is a MNC?

A

A Multinational Corporation - an enterprise that produces at least 25% of its world output outside its country of origin e.g Coca-Cola

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10
Q

Outline the system at Auginish Alumina

A
  • Input -> bauxite, caustic soda, electricity
  • Process -> bauxite is crushed and mixed with caustic soda and heated
  • Output -> alumina powder
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11
Q

What is the IDA and what does it do?

A

Industrial Development Agency- works to attract foreign investors to Ireland

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12
Q

What percentage of women made up the Irish workforce in 1998?

A

38.6%

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13
Q

What percentage of women made up the Irish workforce in 2005?

A

41.8%

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14
Q

What percentage of women made up the Irish workforce in 2011?

A

44%

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15
Q

What were the 3 main reasons for the changing role of women in industry in Ireland?

A

> Free secondary education
Employment Equality Acts
The Women’s Liberation Movement

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16
Q

Describe how education changed the role of women in industry in Ireland

A

The introduction of free secondary education for all in the late 1960s early 1970s gave girls a better chance to education. Many more went to third level education and on to have careers

17
Q

What did the Employment Equality Acts do?

A

It made discrimination based on gender illegal

18
Q

What did the women’s liberation movement do?

A

This changed the status of women. It meant they could continue to work after marriage

19
Q

Outline some of the gender inequalities for women in employment

A
  • Many women work in lower paid jobs e.g. office/factory work, catering, cleaning
  • Women are often paid less than men, even when doing the same or similar job
  • Men are more likely to hold senior positions
  • Many more women than men work part-time
20
Q

What are industrialised countries?

A
  • Located in developing world
  • Most industrialised regions in world
  • A high proportion of their population work in highly-paid secondary and tertiary sectors
  • E.g. Europe (especially Germany), USA, Japan, Australia
21
Q

What are newly industrialised countries?

A
  • Located in developing world
  • Most workers employed in poorly-paid manufacturing jobs
  • Industrial growth is rapid
  • E.g. India, Brazil
22
Q

What are industrially emergent countries?

A
  • Located in least developed economies
  • Industry is very limited
  • Rate of industrial growth is slow
  • E.g. Mali, Ethiopia
23
Q

What is acid rain?

A

Polluted rain containing dissolved sulphur or nitrogen oxides

24
Q

How is acid rain formed?

A

When burned, fossil fuels release sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. These combine with water vapour in the atmosphere and eventually fall as acid rain

25
Q

What are the negative affects of acid rain?

A
  • Wears away stone buildings and statues
  • Washes nutrients from soil and destroys crops
  • Creates rapid growth in young trees, affects photosynthesis and can wipe out forests
  • Kills fish

JC Geography (20 decks)

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