Chapter 13 - People on the Move Flashcards
Migration
Means moving away from the source area, e.g. hometown, to the destination area, e.g. Dublin
Individual migration
Person makes their own decision to move
Internal migrant
Person who decides to move from one part of the country to another part of the same country
International migrant
Person who decides to move from one country to another
Migrant
Person who makes the decision to move from one place to another
Organised migration
The movement of people planned by a government
Emigrant
A person who leaves their county to live in another
Economic migrant
An individual who moves from one country to another country during a recessionary period
Immigrant
A person who leaves their home country to live in Ireland
Pull factors
Those factors which make moving to another place attractive
Push factors
Those factors of a place that force people to move away
Push or pull factor?: Prospect of a better life
Pull
Push or pull factor?: Access to further education
Pull
Push or pull factor?: Poor standard of living
Push
Push or pull factor?: Lack of services
Push
Push or pull factor?: Poor job opportunities
Push
Push or pull factor?: Poor facilities
Push
Push or pull factor?: Better job opportunities
Pull
Push or pull factor?: Poor living conditions
Push
Push or pull factor?: War and unrest
Push
Push or pull factor?: Better social life
Pull
Push or pull factor?: Access to better housing
Pull
Push or pull factor?: Pollution
Push
When did the Ulster Plantation begin?
1609
What did the process of plantation involve?
The process involved the removal of native Irish from their land and giving this land to English and Scottish settlers in return for their loyalty to the crown
Why did they carry out the plantations?
►To stop rebellions
►To spread English customs and cultures
►To spread Protestantism
Why were planters attracted to Ulster?
►They received large estates of cheap land
►Planters were offered low rent on landlord estates. Sometimes lower than Irish farmers
What were the effects of the Ulster plantation on Irish landowners?
►Many landowners were forced to leave their land
►Some Irish had to move to smaller estates in different areas of Ulster
►Divisions between Protestant planters and Irish Catholics -> unrest in Northern Ireland
►Planned plantation towns were built
When did Christopher Columbus discover the ‘New World’?
1492
When was the Treaty of Tordesillas signed?
1494
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
A division of South America along longitude 49° west. Land east of this line was assigned to Portugal while land west of the line was assigned to Spain
What were the attractions of South America?
►Conquistadors came in search of wealth e.g. gold
►Settlers set up large plantations and grew cotton, coffee and sugar cane. These were worked by West African slaves
►Missionaries spread Christianity
What were the effects of the colonisation on native Indians?
►Many Amerindians had to leave their land
►Many had to work on pplantations
►Many died from diseases brought over by conquistadors e.g. common cold
Who were conquistadors?
Spanish soldiers, explorers and adventurers
What were the effects of colonisation on South America?
○Inca and Aztec empires wiped out
○Amerindian population reduced due to diseases, overwork or being killed
○Black Africans forced to migrate to South America to work as slaves
○Costal towns and cities established
○Christian faith introduced
○Spanish and Portuguese languages introduced
○Architecture and culture influenced by Spanish and Portuguese settlers
○Multi-racial societies
○Shanty towns home to millions of people in South America
Give three example of coastal towns and cities that were established during the colonisation of South America
- Santiago, Chile
- Lima, Peru
- Rio de Janero, Brazil
What impact does migration have on the place left behind?
→Marriage rates decline →Birth rates drop →Facilities may close →No skilled labour force →Difficult to attract industry →Farms less productive
What impact does migration have on the pace moved to?
→Pressure on services →Pressure on transport →Pressure on infrastructure →Demand for housing grows →Dormitory towns grow →House prices rise
