Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

JC Geography > Chapter 14 - Settlement > Flashcards

Chapter 14 - Settlement Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
World Geography flashcards U.S. Geography flashcards
1
Q

Describe educational settlement

A

A place of learning (cultural, university, museum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe industrial settlement

A

Where raw materials are processed (e.g steel) or processed goods are assembled (e.g cars)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe resource-based settlement

A

Extracting or using a natural resource (e.g coal, iron ore) e.g Navan, Co.Meath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe residential settlement

A

Where many people live but few work there (e.g dormitory village) e.g. Malahide, Co. Dublin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe ecclesiastical settlement

A

Centre with religious buildings or a place of worship (e.g cathedral, mosque) e.g. Knock, Co.Mayo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe a market town as a settlement

A

Grew up around trade. Includes jewellers, dentists, banks, accountants, cinema, clothes shop etc. e.g Tullamore, Co. Offaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe commercial settlement

A

Where banks and financial institutions are provided for industry, business and domestic use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe defensive settlement

A

Protecting itself or the surrounding area e.g. Athlone town, Co. westmeath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe administrative settlement

A

Centre from which the surrounding area can be controlled (e.g capital city, county town)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the different types of settlement

A 
Educational
Industrial 
Mining 
Residential 
Ecclesiastical
Market town 
Commercial 
Defensive 
Administrative 
Village
Port settlement
Recreational
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Summarise Ireland’s settlement timeline

A
  1. The Hunter-Gatherers of Mount Sandle
  2. The New Stone Age settlers
  3. Early Christian Monastic settlement
  4. The Vikings
  5. The Normans
  6. Later monastic settlements
  7. Plantation towns
  8. Landlord towns
  9. Large scale immigration to Ireland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Outline the basic needs of settlers

A
  • Water
  • Food
  • Defence
  • Communications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are hill forts?

A

Settlements built on a hill for better protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do you call defensive settlements built on the edge of a headland?

A

Promontory forts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a crannóg?

A

A defensive settlement on a man-made island in the middle of a lake. Timber walls defend them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are toghers?

A

Oak planks laid down by celts across marshy areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define tuath

A

An old Irish word meaning tribe and the area that the tribe controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name another word for nucleated settlement

A

Clustered settlement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name another name for linear settlement

A

Ribboned settlement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name another name for dispersed settlement

A

Scattered settlement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe nucleated settlement

A

Settlements grouped together. May occur where roads meet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe linear settlement

A

Settlements in a line. May occur where houses are built along a road

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe dispersed settlement

A

Settlement scattered over an area. For example, where farmhouses are scattered throughout the countryside i.e. no definite pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How did the first settlers travel to Ireland?

A

Across land bridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

State four factors that influence where towns and villages develop

A
  1. Altitude
  2. Rivers
  3. Land quality
  4. Drainage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Explain how altitude has an influence on where towns and villages develop

A

Little settlement occurs in upland areas. The soil isn’t as fertile here and it is difficult to build in the mountains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Explain how rivers have an influence on where towns and villages develop

A

Rivers attract settlement. In the past they were important for water, transport and food. Fertile soil (alluvium) is also found alongside many rivers which is good for farming. Many towns also developed at bridge points along the river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Explain how land quality has an influence on where towns and villages develop

A

Fertile land attracts settlement. This is why most people settled in the south east of Ireland as the land is less fertile in the west

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Explain how drainage has an influence on where towns and villages develop

A

Settlements are located in well-drained areas. It is not a good idea to settle beside a poorly drained area that is prone to flooding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Who were the first Irish settlers?

A

The hunter gatherers of Mount Sandle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

When did the first settlers arrive in Ireland?

A

c.9000 years ago

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When did the New Stone Age settlers arrive in Ireland?

A

c.4000BC

33
Q

Why did the first settlers settle at Mount Sandle?

A

Mount Sandle was a good place for them to live because it provided them with all of the things they needed in their lives

34
Q

How did the New Stone Age settlers differ from the hunter gatherers?

A

The new Stone Age settlers had begun to keep animals and plant crops (farming)

35
Q

When did the Vikings come to Ireland?

A

c.800AD

36
Q

Give examples of Viking towns

A

Wexford, Waterford, Dublin, Arklow

37
Q

When did the Normans invade Ireland?

A

12th century

38
Q

Give examples of Norman towns

A

Kilkenny, Athlone, Trim

39
Q

When did the British plant Ireland?

A

In the 16th and 17th centuries

40
Q

Give examples of plantation towns

A

Portarlington, Portlaois, Youghal

41
Q

Give examples of Landlord towns

A

Abbeyleix, Birr, Kilrush, Strokestown

42
Q

Primate city

A

A city that is it least twice the size of the next largest city in the country. For example Dublin

43
Q

Land bridges

A

Narrow strips of land connecting Ireland to Britain

44
Q

Topography

A

A detailed study of whether the land is flat, mountainous or sloping

45
Q

Lowest bridging point

A

The point on a river closest to the sea where a bridge could be built. A town usually developed around this bridge

46
Q

Dry point sites

A

A site located up out of the river’s floodplain beyond the bluff line. This area is not prone to flooding

47
Q

Poulder

A

An area of land reclaimed from the sea

48
Q

Conurbation

A

A collection of cities growing into each other to form one massive city

49
Q

Overspill towns

A

Planned towns specifically built to house migrants from increasingly overcrowded cities

50
Q

Hinterland

A

The rural area outside a town which is accessible to the town itself and the town provides all the services for people living there

51
Q

Route focus/focus of routeways

A

Where a series of routeways such as roads converge in one area

52
Q

Multi-functional settlements

A

Settlements which have more than one major function. e.g. a city

53
Q

Communication links

A

The movement of people, goods and information develops links between places. e.g. road, rail and phone

54
Q

What does GDA stand for and what does it mean?

A

Greater Dublin Area -> includes Dublin County and its commuter belt which stretches into the counties of Louth, Meath, Kildare and Wicklow

55
Q

Celtic Tiger

A

The period of rapid economic growth in the Irish economy from the early 1990s to 2008

56
Q

Spin-off industries

A

Jobs created indirectly as a result of a dominant industry locating in an area, i.e. shops benefit from other industries locating in their area

57
Q

National Spatial Strategy

A

A government programme set up to counteract the growth of Dublin by developing other growth centres

58
Q

Strategic radial corridors

A

Dublin commuter belts through which development is planned especially along major radial roads, e.g. the M7 motorway connecting the towns of Naad, Newbridge and Kildare

59
Q

Why has Dublin developed into our primate city?

A 
○Seat of government
○Centre of trade
○Ireland's main ports
○Route focus
○Many MNC's set up in Dublin
○Contains HQ of Ireland's financial institutions
60
Q

Decentralisation

A

Transferring power from the central government to areas throughout the country

61
Q

Give an example of decentralising in Ireland

A

Moving the Department of Finance to Tullamore, Co. Offaly

62
Q

What is the population density of the Netherlands?

A

503 per square kilometer

63
Q

What was the Netherlands response to their population density?

A

Build polders

64
Q

What were the two reclamations of land undertaken in the process of building the Netherlands Polders?

A
  • Zuider Zee project

- Delta Project

65
Q

For what years did the Zuider Zee project take place?

A

1927-1968

66
Q

What polders were formed as part of the Zuider Zee project?

A

○Wieringermeer
○North-east polder
○Eastern Flevoland
○Southern Flevoland

67
Q

How were the polders made?

A
  1. A dyke was built around the are to be reclaimed
  2. A series of drainage channels were built inland (within the dykes) to help drain the polder
  3. Water was pumped from within the area into canals located on/beyond the dyke wall
  4. When the polder dried out, work began on the new land, whether for farming or settlement
68
Q

Approximately, how big is the North-east Polder?

A

48,000 hectares

69
Q

In what kind of settlement pattern are the farmhouses set out on the North-east polder?

A

Linear

70
Q

What is the main town of the North-east Polder?

A

Emmeloord

71
Q

In what kind of way are the villages built around Emmeloord?

A

Radial pattern

72
Q

A _____ road connects the villages and ______ roads connect many of the villages to Emmeloord

A

A RING road connects the villages and RADIAL roads connect many of the villages to Emmeloord

73
Q

Randstad conurbation

A

Refers to a collection of Dutch cities growing into each other to form a large urban area

74
Q

What are the cities included in the Randstad conurbation?

A

Amsterdam
Rotterdam
The Hague
Utrecht

75
Q

The Randstad is ________-shaped and in the centre is an area of farmland known as the __________

A

The Randstad is HORSESHOE-shaped and in the centre is an area of farmland known as the GREEN HEART

76
Q

What is the difference between the Dutch polders and Ireland?

A

Dutch Polders

  • Farmhouses set in linear pattern along the road
  • Villages surround the town in a circle
  • Roads connect hinterland villages in a circular pattern

Ireland

  • Farmhouses in dispersed settlement throughout the countryside
  • Villages form at bridging points along a river
  • Roads follow river valleys and join at bridging points
77
Q

Describe village settlement

A

Provide a small number of services to cater for the needs of the dwellers. Services include a small shop, church, pub, small primary school etc E.g. Mucklagh, Tullamore, Co. Offaly

78
Q

Describe port settlement

A

Have facilities for ships to dock and moor. E.g. Drogheda, Co. Louth

79
Q

Describe recreational settlement

A

Settlement that offers some sort of leisure activity or attraction e.g. beautiful scenery or accommodation. Includes hotels, watersports and golf courses e.g. Lahinch, Co. Clare

JC Geography (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions