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Pumping & Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator Handbook 3rd > Chapter 18 - Stabilizing the Apparatus > Flashcards

Chapter 18 - Stabilizing the Apparatus Flashcards

1
Q

Even if the device is only raised a few feet from the cradle to open a tilt cab, place the ___________ in position to minimize or eliminate stress on the ____________.

A

stabilizers / suspension

p 642

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2
Q

By deploying the apparatus stabilizers, the base of stability for the aerial apparatus is effectively ___________.

A

increased

p 642

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3
Q

Rotating the device 360 degrees will trace a ________ ________.

A

Gravity circle

p 642

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4
Q

As long as this ________ ________ does not extend outside the base of stability, the apparatus should remain stable.

A

Gravity circle

p 642

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5
Q
  • Theoretical safety zone that surrounds the center of gravity on an aerial apparatus.
A

Gravity Circle

p 642

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6
Q

Newer apparatus may be equipped with ________ switches that prevent the movement of the aerial device to the short jacked side.

A

limit (rotational interlocks)

p 643

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7
Q

If the apparatus is parked on a ________ grade, the center of gravity (and theoretical gravity circle) will be shifted to the _______ side.

A

lateral grade / lower

p 643

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8
Q

Lateral grades

If the aerial device is raised over the lower side, the Gravity circle may extend beyond the base of ____________.

A

stability

p 643

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9
Q

______________ the aerial device can also have an adverse effect on the stability of the apparatus, even on a level surface with stabilizers fully deployed.

A

Overloading

p 643

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10
Q

Excessive _________ on the aerial device will result in an expansion of the gravity circle.

A

loading

p 644

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11
Q

Some of the more common stabilizers are:

  • _______-______ stabilizers (also called downriggers) - Straight jacks that extend down from the chassis.
  • ______ ______________ (also called H stabilizers) - Stabilizers that extend straight away from the truck and have jacks that extend straight down to the ground.
  • ___-______, scissor, or ____-style stabilizers (also called fulcrum-type stabilizers) - Stabilizers that extend down and away from the chassis at an angle.
A
  • Post-type
  • Box stabilizers
  • A-frame, scissor, or X-style

p 644

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12
Q

To deploy the stabilizers and the aerial device, it will be necessary to engage the aerial ___________ system. In order to accomplish this, the D/O will have to activate the ________ ______-______ or other specialized hydraulic system.

A

hydraulic system / power take-off

p 644

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13
Q

The ______ system provides the power to the hydraulic pump, which in turn creates a pressure on the ________ in the hydraulic system.

A

PTO / fluid

p 645

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14
Q

The D/O should not engage the PTO until the aerial apparatus has been properly _____________ in accordance with the conditions on the scene.

A

positioned

p 645

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15
Q

The engagement switch for the PTO or hydraulic system is usually located on the ____________ of the vehicle, between the __________ and __________/________ seats or in the ________ panel above the driver’s seat.

A

Dashboard / driver and passengers/officers / switch panel

p 645

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16
Q

The type of PTO activation switch varies from manufacturer to manufacturer and be __________, __________, __________, or a combination of these three.

A

pneumatic, electric, hydraulic

p 645

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17
Q

Pneumatic PTO systems require anywhere from _____ to _____ psi air pressure for the PTO to be operated depending on the manufacturer.

A

50 to 140

p 645-646

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18
Q

Most new models of aerial apparatus are equipped with what is called a “_____-______” PTO system. It is acceptable to engage these systems when the main transmission is in ___________.

A

“hot-shift” / neutral

p 646

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19
Q

Attempting to engage a PTO from neutral in a vehicle not equipped with a hot shift system could result in serious damage to the ______ and ______ _____________.

A

PTO / main transmission

p 646

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20
Q

Whenever possible, position the aerial device before activating the _______.

A

pump

p 646

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21
Q

When the fire pump is already activated and in use, and the hydraulic systems needs to be activated later, it is necessary to lower ________ speed to near idle prior to engaging the hydraulic system PTO or other device. This action will lower _______ supply to nozzles. The operator must notify personnel on __________ and other nozzles of what is taking place.

A

engine / water / handlines

p 646

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22
Q

The process of setting up the stabilizers should begin with both the driver and officer assessing the _______ area.

A

setup area

p 646

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23
Q

The goal of stabilizer deployment is to ensure one move and one setup without having to ____________.

A

reposition

p 651

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24
Q

Conducting preliminary checks:

  • If not automatically accomplished, activate the ______ ______ lock to minimize longitudinal movement of the chassis.
  • Make sure the PTO engagement _______ is ____ before leaving the cab.
  • ________ the wheels.
A
  • front brake
  • light is lit
  • chock

p 651

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25
Q

The wheels should have chocks placed both ___ _______ ___ and ________ the tire, on both sides of the apparatus, with approximately an _____ of extra space for the apparatus to move without causing a wheel chock to become stuck under a tire.

A

in front of / behind / inch

p 651

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26
Q

After any lifting of the apparatus has been preformed, the chocks should be _____________ to ensure that this space is still maintained before lowering the apparatus. If this space is not maintained, it will be necessary to _______ the apparatus to remove the chock blocks.

A

repositioned / relift

p 651

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27
Q

If there is any doubt as to whether or not there is room for the stabilizers to deploy, a short ______ ______, _______ hook, or ______ span can be used to estimate the travel path of the stabilizers.

A

like pole / closet hook / arm span

p 652

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28
Q

Whenever possible a ________ should assist the D/O with positioning the apparatus because a ________ can help avoid curbs, manholes, vehicles, and so forth.

A

spotter / spotter

p 652

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29
Q

When the stabilizers are in place, the D/O should check the __________ upon which they are resting to be certain the ground is _________ enough to continue operations.

A

surface / stable

p 652

30
Q
  • Flat metal plate attached to the bottom of the aerial apparatus stabilizer to provide firm footing on the stabilizing surface.
A

Stabilizer shoe

also known as stabilizer boot or stabilizer foot

p 652

31
Q

Follow departmental SOPs or manufacturers recommendations in situations when __________ is used to supplement stabilizer effectiveness. __________ should only be used as a last resort by those with proper instruction and training in its use.

A

cribbing / cribbing

p 652

32
Q

Avoid placing stabilizers over ________ areas, ___________ tanks or vaults, and _________ access zones.

A

drainage / underground / utility

p 653

33
Q

Once the D/O is assured that the ____________ activities are successfully completed and the ground is prepared for stabilization activities, the ___________ valve may be operated to provide hydraulic power to the stabilizing system.

A

preliminary / selector

p 653

34
Q

Even _________ allows for the maximum stability of the apparatus and for the greatest range of safe movement of the aerial device.

A

terrain

p 654

35
Q

General principles of stabilizer controls:

  • Many of these controls are ______-type valves that move up to about ____ degrees.
  • Operating these controls will automatically regulate _______ _____ speed. A fast-idle toggle switch or manual throttle control may also regulate _______ _____ speed. This provides the power necessary to perform the desired action.
  • When the D/O operates the control, an increase in _______ _______ (noticeable due to the increase in the sound level) occurs.
  • Operation of these valves also affects the vehicles engine speed. Avoid ________ or _______ operation of the valves.
A
  • lever / 90
  • engine idle / engine idle
  • engine speed
  • rough or jerky

p 654

36
Q

_____ ____________ are the most common stabilizers used on newer apparatus.

A

Box stabilizers

p 654

37
Q
  • Two piece aerial apparatus stabilizing device consisting of an extension arm that extends directly out from the vehicle, and a lifting jack that extends from the end of the extension arm to the ground.
A

Box Stabilizer

also known as H-jack or H-stabilizers

p 654

38
Q

When the extension arms have been extended to their final positions, the portable ___________ ______ should be centered beneath the stabilizer shoes so that they will be in position when the jacks are lowered. The __________ ______ are usually provided by the manufacturer of the apparatus and are usually ____x____ inch with a built in handle.

A

stabilizer pads / stabilizer pads / 24x24 inch

p 655

39
Q

Due to the potential for chassis and torque box damage, one ____________ should never be fully activated alone. Always activate in a multi-step, ______ to ______ or ______ to ______ process.

A

stabilizer / side to side / front to back

p 656

40
Q

In a four-jack system operate the stabilizers in __________.

A

parallel

p 656

41
Q

Stabilizing using ________-type stabilizers or those that extend straight down from the chassis is similar to the box-type stabilizer. The primary difference is that the D/O can only deploy __________-type stabilizers in the fully _________ position and not-at all if ______________ are present.

A

fulcrum / fulcrum / extended / obstructions

p 657

42
Q
  • Stabilizing device that extends at an angle down and away from the chassis of an aerial fire apparatus.
A

Fulcrum-type stabilizer

also know as A-frame, scissor, or X-style stabilizer

p 657

43
Q

The method of deploying fulcrum-type stabilizers is the same as described for box-type, with one exception. Fulcrum stabilizers should be lowered to within a few _______ of the ground prior to the placement of the ____________ ______.

A

inches / stabilizer pads

p 657

44
Q

The design for some apparatus allow for partial extension of the stabilizer arms, sometimes called “_______-_________”.

A

“short-jacking”

p 658

45
Q
  • Setting the stabilizers on one side of the apparatus shorter than the stabilizers on the other side; usually done when access for full stabilization is restricted.
A

Short-Jacking

p 658

46
Q

When operating in restricted areas, fully extend the extension arms on the side that the aerial device is ?

A

going to be over

p 658

47
Q

There are two ways that the truck can be uneven: ________ or ____________. Of the two the easiest to correct is ________ unevenness.

A

laterally (side to side) or longitudinally (end to end) / lateral

p 658

48
Q

Correction of lateral unevenness is possible on grades of up to ___ degrees, although this can vary depending on the aerial device.

A

5 degrees

p 658

49
Q

A slope of 5 degrees means that there is a rise in terrain height of ____ feet for every run of _____ feet of distance.

A

5 / 100

p 658

50
Q

Lateral unevenness:

Most manufactures of aerial devices recommend lowering the stabilizers on the _________ side of the vehicle first making solid contact with the ground. Lower the __________ side stabilizers until they raise the __________ side of the truck level with the ________ side.

A

uphill / downhill / downhill / uphill

p 658

51
Q

The D/O must make sure to raise the truck enough to activate the ____________, if the apparatus is so equipped. If the ___________ have not activated, it will be necessary to raise both sides of the truck until they do.

A

interlocks / interlocks

p 658-659

52
Q

Lateral unevenness:

After the apparatus is stabilized, it is preferable to operate the aerial device over the ________ side of the apparatus.

A

uphill side

p 659

53
Q

When operating on a longitudinal grade, the aerial turntable will not be parallel to the ground if the device is operated over the ?

A

side of the apparatus

p 660

54
Q

On longitudinal grades, operate the aerial device directly over the ______ or ______ of the apparatus to minimize stress on the device.

A

front or rear

p 660

55
Q

On longitudinal grades, operate articulating aerial devices off the _______ of the vehicle if possible.

A

rear

p 660

56
Q

Most aerial apparatus have restricted loads when operating on grades, some as much as ______-______ the normal load, and if in the ______ zone do not operate the aerial device.

A

one-half / red zone (unsafe load)

p 660

57
Q

Rather than deploying the stabilizers on an unsafe or potentially unsafe surface, ____________ the apparatus.

A

reposition

p 661

58
Q

One effect of ice melting is the creation of an _____ ______ between the stabilizer pad and the ground, compromising the stability of the apparatus.

A

air gap

p 661

59
Q

When the ground is frozen solid and the surface is on an angle, the aerial device can move or _________ along the surface due to the combination of vibration and gravity; operators can prevent this through the use of wheel ________.

A

chatter / chocks

p 661

60
Q

On most aerial apparatus, the combination of the __________ feature of the selector valve and the hydraulic system _________ valve provide automatic locking capabilities.

A

interlock / holding

p 662

61
Q

The ___________ prevents the flow of hydraulic fluid into or out of the stabilization system while the aerial device is in use.

A

interlock

p 662

62
Q

The __________ valves prevent the movement of fluid within the stabilization system. The D/O activates the __________ valves by moving the selector switch to the aerial position.

A

holding / holding

p 662

63
Q

Box stabilizers commonly have holes designed for the insertion of ?

A

steel safety pins

p 662

64
Q

When the use of the aerial device is complete and it is returned to the bed, the stabilization process is __________ in order to prepare the apparatus for departure from the scene.

A

reversed

p 663

65
Q

The D/O should always raise the stabilizers following the _________ order by which they were deployed whether on level or uneven terrain. Following the ________ order avoids undue stress on any component of the aerial apparatus.

A

reverse / reverse

p 663

66
Q

Older midship and tractor-drawn aerials are the most likely to have __________ stabilizers.

A

manual

p 664

67
Q

Angles less than ____ degrees provide less stability, as do angles increasing from ____ to ____.

A

60 / 60 to 90

p 665

68
Q

The D/O should never position the vehicle with the tractor and trailer at an angle greater than _____ degrees as poor ________ is produced and damage to the truck may occur.

A

90 / stability

p 665

69
Q

The best way to place the vehicle into this angled position is the following:

  • Approach the objective building until the ____________ is right next to it.
  • Turn the wheels of the _________ sharply toward the left or right of the parking area (_______ from the building) and pull the truck slightly forward.
  • Turn the _________ wheels sharply toward the building and back the truck slightly towards the building. This pushes the ________________ toward the desired object, and produces the desired _________ between the tractor and the trailer.
  • Set all _______ once in position, including the one for the trailer axle, and as described earlier further stabilization may be employed.
A
  • turntable
  • tractor / away
  • tiller / turntable / angle
  • brakes

p 665

70
Q

True or False:

The techniques for jackknifing tillered aerial apparatus are more important on older models of apparatus than on modern tillered aerial apparatus ?

A

True

modern tillered aerial apparatus are usually equipped with stabilization systems that are perfectly capable of securely stabilizing the apparatus

p 665

Pumping & Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator Handbook 3rd (21 decks)

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