Chapter 11 - Static Water Supply Sources

Question 1

Lift:
The pressure in the intake hose and in the pump ______ __________ than the atmospheric pressure. This results in water being forced into the hose and pump because of the partial vacuum created in the pump.

Answer 1

drops lower

p 404

Question 2

True or False:
-Lift-
A total vacuum is impossible to create using fire service equipment.

Answer 2

True

p 404

Question 3

Because the pressure outside the intake hose is ___________ than the pressure in the hose, water is forced in and continues to rise until the pump is full of water or the pressure within the pump and intake hose equals atmospheric pressure.

Answer 3

higher

p 404

Question 4

• Theoretical, scientific height that a column of water may be lifted by atmospheric pressure in a true vacuum; this height is 33.9 feet. The height will decrease as elevation increases.

Answer 4

Theoretical Lift

p 404

Question 5

• Maximum height to which any amount of water may be raised through a hard suction hose to a pump; determined by the ability of the pump to create a vacuum.

Answer 5

Maximum Lift

p 404

Question 6

In most circumstances, maximum lift is approximately _____ feet.

Answer 6

25 feet

p 404

Question 7

_______ is the difference in elevation between the surface of the static water supply and the center of the pump intake.

Answer 7

Lift

p 403

Question 8

• Height a column of water may be lifted in sufficient quantity to provide a reliable fire flow. Lift may be raised through a hard suction hose to a pump, taking into consideration the atmospheric pressure and friction loss within the hard suction hose; usually considered to be 14.7 feet.

Answer 8

Dependable lift

p 406

Question 9

After factoring in the surrounding atmospheric pressure and friction loss in the intake hose, every fire pump that is operating properly should have a dependable lift of ______ feet.

Answer 9

14.7 feet

p 406

Question 10

All fire department pumping apparatus are rated when drafting with a minimum of _____ feet from center of a pump intake to the surface of water through _____ feet of hard intake hose. A strainer is submerged at least ____ feet in a water depth of at least ____ feet.

Answer 10

3 feet / 20 feet

2 feet / 4 feet

p 406

Question 11

______ ________ _____________ pressure must account for all factors that contribute to the amount of work required by a pump to produce a fire stream.

Answer 11

Net pump discharge

p 407

Question 12

Many communities feature public _______ _________ that provide excellent drafting access.

Answer 12

boat launches

p 411

Question 13

Although lesser depths may be suitable, _____ feet of water all around a barrel-type strainer are generally considered the minimum for that type of equipment.

Answer 13

2 feet

p 412

Question 14

Floating strainers may be used in water as shallow as ?

Answer 14

1 foot

p 412

Question 15

• Cleaning a fire pump or piping by flowing water through it in the opposite direction of normal flow.

Answer 15

Back Flushing

p 412

Question 16

In order to help avoid problems with silt and debris, jurisdictions may install ______ ___________ at favorable drafting locations.

Answer 16

dry hydrants

p 412

Question 17

• Tool for boring (drilling) holes in floors and other solid barriers including ice.

Answer 17

Auger

p 413

Question 18

A __________ is an underground water storage receptacle that is usually found in an area not serviced by a hydrant system.

Answer 18

cistern

p 415

Question 19

• Water storage receptacle that is usually underground and may be supplied by a well or rainwater runoff.

Answer 19

Cistern

p 415

Question 20

Cisterns:

Although they may vary in size, cisterns typically range from ________ to _________ gallons.

Answer 20

10,000 to 100,000

p 415

Question 21

__________ ______________ are artificial installations that have similar characteristics as a pond or lake.

Answer 21

Ground reservoirs

p 415

Question 22

In order to establish a _______, air must be exhausted from the intake hose and fire pump.

Answer 22

draft

p 404

Question 23

Principles of lift

If the water does not rise to the level of the pump ________, drafting will not be possible.

Answer 23

intake

p 404

Question 24

For every 1000 feet of altitude, the atmospheric pressure decreases by approximately ____ psi.

Answer 24

0.5 psi

p 404

Question 25

Because a total vacuum is not attainable using a fire department pumper, the maximum lift at a given altitude will be less than the ?

Answer 25

theoretical lift

p 404

Question 26

A total vacuum is not attainable using a fire department pumper, meaning that pumpers cannot be expected to draft water that is located _____ feet below the level of the pump.

Answer 26

33.9 feet

p 404

Question 27

In the fire service, ___________ _____ is defined as the greatest height to which any amount of water may be raised through an intake hose to pump.

Answer 27

maximum lift

p 404

Question 28

Generally, you will be concerned with the concept of ___________ lift - the height a column of water may be lifted in sufficient quantity to provide a reliable fire flow.

Answer 28

dependable lift

p 406

Question 29

Natural static water supply sources include ?

Answer 29

lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, and oceans

p 410

Question 30

In certain locations, where fire apparatus cannot make the required approach, it may be necessary to position _________ pumps at the supply source if it is the only site available.

Answer 30

portable

p 411

Question 31

In small, fast running steams, a ________ and ________ cover may be configured to create a dam that will raise the level of the water to allow drafting operations.

Answer 31

ladder and salvage cover

p 412

Question 32

When drafting from a natural water supply source, it is especially important that all intake hoses have a _________ attached and supported so that it does not rest on or near the ________ of the supply source.

Answer 32

strainer / bottom

p 412

Question 33

If an adequate draft cannot be established due to clogging at the strainer, ______ __________ with the tank water may help to dislodge the debris.

Answer 33

back flushing

p 412

Question 34

Freezing weather

• Fill barrels with environmentally friendly ___________. Float barrels on the water before temperatures drop below __________. Allow them to freeze in place. Knock out the top and bottom of the barrel to provide an access point for the _______ hose and ________.

Answer 34

antifreeze / freezing / intake hose and strainer

p 413

Question 35

Freezing weather

Most fire departments use a ______ _____, power _______, _____, or a combination of tools to breach the ice.

Answer 35

chain saw / power auger / axe

p 413

Question 36

Cisterns typically receive their water from a ______ or ___________ runoff.

Answer 36

well or rainwater

p 415

Question 37

Large residential, industrial, or agricultural locations may feature private ________ ________ tanks.

Answer 37

water storage tanks

p 415

Question 38

Ground Reservoirs

These reservoirs typically contain many ________ __ ________ of water.

Answer 38

millions of gallons

p 415

Question 39

__________ pools may provide a ready source of water for drafting operations.

Answer 39

Swimming

p 415

Question 40

Large indoor or outdoor pools that have been preplanned as a potential static water supply source may be equipped with ?

Answer 40

connections similar to a dry hydrant for quick FD hook-ups

p 418

Question 41

Agricultural irrigation systems in some jurisdictions may flow in excess of ______ gpm and may function as a potential water source for fire protection.

Answer 41

1000 gpm

p 418