Chapter 17- Table 17-1 Flashcards
What is one of the first signs of shock?
Anxiety or restlessness
The brain becomes relatively starved for oxygen, leading to feelings of ‘air hunger’.
What might a patient report if they are experiencing shock?
‘I cannot breathe.’
This indicates their brain senses a lack of oxygen, even though they can talk.
What physiological response occurs as shock continues?
Blood is redirected to the most important organs
Organs like the brain and heart receive more blood, while less important organs like the skin receive less.
What skin characteristics might be observed in a patient with shock?
Pale, cool, clammy skin
This is due to blood being redirected away from the skin.
What happens to the pulse rate as shock worsens?
It increases
In severe shock, the heart rate is usually greater than 120 beats/min.
How might the pulses change as shock progresses?
They may become irregular and weak
This indicates worsening shock.
What are some additional symptoms of shock?
Rapid and shallow breathing, nausea and vomiting, decrease in body temperature
These symptoms reflect the body’s response to shock.
What blood pressure reading indicates decompensated shock?
Systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg
This is a late finding of shock.
True or False: Normal blood pressure rules out the presence of shock.
False
Compensated shock can occur even if blood pressure is normal.
What is the first step in treating patients with signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock?
Position the patient comfortably
Some patients may prefer a semi-Fowler position, while others may need to lie supine due to low blood pressure.
What position may some patients find more comfortable during cardiogenic shock treatment?
Semi-Fowler position
The head and knees are slightly elevated in this position.
What is the recommended oxygen saturation level to maintain when administering oxygen?
95% to 99%
Oxygen should be administered at a rate to keep the saturation within this range.
What should be done if a patient requires assistance with breathing?
Assist ventilations as necessary
This may involve using devices or techniques to help the patient breathe effectively.
How should patients be covered to preserve body heat?
With sheets or blankets
It’s important to cover the top of the patient’s head in very cold weather to minimize heat loss.
What is the final step in the treatment of cardiogenic shock?
Provide prompt transport to the ED
Timely transport is crucial for further medical intervention.
