Chapter 16- Physiology of Respiration Flashcards
The two processes that occurred during respiration are:
Inspiration- the act of breathing in (inhaling)
Expiration- the act of breathing out (exhaling)
During respiration ____ is provided to the blood and _______ is removed from it
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
In healthy lungs, this exchange takes place rapidly at the level of the _____
alveoli
The alveoli lie against the ______
pulmonary capillary vessels
As oxygen enters the alveoli from inhalation, it passses freely through _______ and into ______
through tiny passages in the alveolar wall and into the capillaries
This process is known as ____
diffusion
Oxygen bonds to the _____ in red blood cells and is carried to the heart which pumps _______ blood around the body
hemoglobin
Oxygen-rich
How is carbon dioxide returned to the lungs?
in the blood that circulates through and around alveolar spaces
Carbon dioxide diffuses back into the _____ and travels up the ______ and out the ______ during _______
diffuses into the alveoli
travels up the bronchial tree
out the upper airways
during exhalation
Carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen.
Oxygen travels the opposite way during ______
inhalation
Throughout the whole process of respiration, the ________ constantly senses the level of _________ in the arterial blood
brainstem senses levels of carbon dioxide
In a healthy person, the level of carbon dioxide bathing the brainstem stimulates
breathing
What happens if carbon dioxide drops too low?
The person breathes at a slower rate and less deeply
Although considered a waste gas, some level off carbon dioxide in the blood is necessary.
It stimulates _______ and helps to balance ______
stimulates breathing and balances PH
If level of CO2 in the arterial blood rises above normal, the person breathes _______
more rapidly and more deeply
When more fresh air is brought into the alveoli, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream, therefore causing ______
CO2 levels to drop