Chapter 16- Physiology of Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

The two processes that occurred during respiration are:

A

Inspiration- the act of breathing in (inhaling)
Expiration- the act of breathing out (exhaling)

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2
Q

During respiration ____ is provided to the blood and _______ is removed from it

A

Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide

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3
Q

In healthy lungs, this exchange takes place rapidly at the level of the _____

A

alveoli

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4
Q

The alveoli lie against the ______

A

pulmonary capillary vessels

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5
Q

As oxygen enters the alveoli from inhalation, it passses freely through _______ and into ______

A

through tiny passages in the alveolar wall and into the capillaries

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6
Q

This process is known as ____

A

diffusion

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7
Q

Oxygen bonds to the _____ in red blood cells and is carried to the heart which pumps _______ blood around the body

A

hemoglobin

Oxygen-rich

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8
Q

How is carbon dioxide returned to the lungs?

A

in the blood that circulates through and around alveolar spaces

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9
Q

Carbon dioxide diffuses back into the _____ and travels up the ______ and out the ______ during _______

A

diffuses into the alveoli
travels up the bronchial tree
out the upper airways
during exhalation

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10
Q

Carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen.
Oxygen travels the opposite way during ______

A

inhalation

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11
Q

Throughout the whole process of respiration, the ________ constantly senses the level of _________ in the arterial blood

A

brainstem senses levels of carbon dioxide

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12
Q

In a healthy person, the level of carbon dioxide bathing the brainstem stimulates

A

breathing

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13
Q

What happens if carbon dioxide drops too low?

A

The person breathes at a slower rate and less deeply

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14
Q

Although considered a waste gas, some level off carbon dioxide in the blood is necessary.
It stimulates _______ and helps to balance ______

A

stimulates breathing and balances PH

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15
Q

If level of CO2 in the arterial blood rises above normal, the person breathes _______

A

more rapidly and more deeply

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16
Q

When more fresh air is brought into the alveoli, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream, therefore causing ______

A

CO2 levels to drop