Chapter 17 : Immunologic Drugs

Question 1

Immunity that occurs by an animal’s own immune response after exposure to foreign antigen

Answer 1

Active immunity

Question 2

A substance given with an antigen to enhance the immune response to the antigen

Answer 2

Adjuvant

Question 3

A systemic severe allergic reaction

Answer 3

Anaphylaxis

Question 4

An immunoglobulin molecule that combines with the specific antigen that induced its formation

Answer 4

Antibody

Question 5

Any substance that can induce a specific immune response, such as toxins, foreign proteins, bacteria, and viruses

Answer 5

Antigen

Question 6

The inability of an infectious agent to produce pathologic effects

Answer 6

Avirulent

Question 7

A killed bacterial vaccine

Answer 7

Bacterin

Question 8

A vaccine, antiserum, or antitoxin developed specifically for a single antigen or organism

Answer 8

Monovalent

Question 9

Immunity that occurs by administration of antibody produced in another individual

Answer 9

Passive immunity

Question 10

A vaccine, antiserum, or antitoxin active against multiple antigens or ogranisms; mixed vaccine

Answer 10

Polyvalent

Question 11

A substance, such as an antibiotic, antiinfective, or fungistat, that is added to a product to destroy or inhibit multiplication of microorganisms

Answer 11

Preservative

Question 12

A process that removes a gene from one organism or pathogen and inserts it into the DNA of another; also refered to as gene splicing

Answer 12

Recombinant DNA technology

Question 13

The ability of an infectious agent to produce pathologic effects

Answer 13

Virulence

Question 14

Immunizations should never take the place of regularly scheduled ____

Answer 14

Routine checkups

Question 15

<p>What 6 factors may determine an animal's response to immunization?</p>

Answer 15

<p>1) Health/Age

2) Type of vaccine
3) Route of administration
4) Concurrent incubation of infectious diseases
5) Exposure to infectious disease before immunity is reached
6) Drug therapy</p>

Question 16

What is an inactivated vaccine?

Answer 16

An inactivated vaccine has organisms commonly treated by chemicals to kill the organism, but very little change occurs in the antigens that stimulate protective immunity.

Question 17

What is a live vaccine?

Answer 17

A live vaccine is prepared from live microorganisms or viruses.

Question 18

What is a modified live vaccine?

Answer 18

Modified live vaccine has organisms that have undergone a process (attenuation) to lose their virulence so that, when inoculated into the body, they cause an immune response instead of disease.

Question 19

What is a toxoid?

Answer 19

A toxoid is a vaccine used in producing immunity to a toxin rather than to a bacterium or virus.

Question 20

What is an antitoxin?

Answer 20

An antitoxin is a specific antiserum aimed against a toxin that contains a concentration of antibodies extracted from blood plasma of a hyperimmunized, healthy animal (usually a horse).

Question 21

What is immunotherapy?

Answer 21

Using drugs to stimulate the body’s immune response to disease

Question 22

Most vaccines for small animals are administered by what route?

Answer 22

IM or SQ