Chapter 16 Flashcards
If managers understand employee ____, they can design appropriate _______ system.
Needs, reward.
What are existence needs?
The needs for physical well-being.
What are relatedness needs?
The needs for satisfactory relationships with others.
What are growth needs?
The needs that focus on the development of human potential and the desire for personal growth.
What is the frustration-regression principle?
Failure to meet a high-order need may cause regression to an already satisfied lower-order.
What are acquired needs?
Need for achievement, need for affiliation, need for power.
How do people select behavioral actions?
Goal-setting theory, equity theory, expectancy theory
What is goal-setting theory?
Increase motivation and enhance performance by setting goals and providing timely feedback.
What are the key components of goal-setting theory?
Goal specificity, goal difficulty, goal acceptance, feedback.
What is equity theory?
Individual perceptions of fairness, inequity occurs when the input-to-outcome ratios are out of balance.
How can perceived inequity can be reduced?
Changing work effort, changing outcomes, changing perception, leaving the job.
What is expectancy theory?
Motivation depends on individuals’ expectations about their ability to perform tasks and receive desired rewards.
What is E-P expectancy theory?
Determining whether putting effort into a given task will lead to high performance.
What is P-O expectancy theory?
Determining whether successful performance of a task will lead to the desired outcome.
