Chapter 15: State building Flashcards

1
Q

Who was Cardinal Richeleau?

A

Eliminated political and military rights of Huguenots, but kept their religious rights
Caused debt because of war. Taille (tax land and property) increased

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2
Q

Who was Cardinal Mazarin?

A

Came into power after Louis Xlll and Richelieu died. Anne of Austria allowed Marazin to be in charge, Louis only 4.

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3
Q

What was the Fronde?

A

Faced 2 revolts from nobles to limit the monarchy

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4
Q

Who was Bishop Bossuet?

A

Argued power comes from god, king inherited position from god.
Royal power was absolute because it came from god

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5
Q

What was the palace of versailles?

A

Nobles that needed to be around him had to answer him for everything

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6
Q

What was the economic position of King Louis XIV reign?

A

high tariffs on goods coming in. removed tariffs on domestic french products
encouraged people to move to Canada to hunt fur

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7
Q

Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert?

A

finance ministers of king louis xiv and promoted mercantilist policies

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8
Q

What was the religious position during Louis XIV reign?

A

revoked edict of nantes that tolerated the huguenots when he issues edict of fontainbleu
supported cathloic clergy, jesuits

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9
Q

What was the War of Spanish succession?

A

Charles ll king of spain had no legitimate heir, so he willed throne and overseas empore to Philipp(grandson of louis xiv)

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10
Q

Why did the economy lead to the decline of spain?

A

taxation was too strong for spanish people (inflation)

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11
Q

How did Charles ll lead to the decline of Spain?

A

physically weak led to weak position in the world

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12
Q

what was the german states?

A

well governed, but not big in power. developed a lot of universities. most people lived at thesusbstinent level

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13
Q

What was the country of Denmark?

A

A hereditary monarch was established under Christian V
not a really well governed absolute monarchy

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14
Q

What was the Italian States?

A

only place that felt still italian were florence, papal states, and venice. austria would gain most of itsly during 1700 after war of spanish succession

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15
Q

Who was Gustavis Adolphis

A

Sweedish monarch was the lead monarch, but nobility created first estate
killed during 30 year war

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16
Q

Who was Charles XII

A

built up the military in sweeden but involved in too many wars with Poland and denmark and lost land to russia

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17
Q

Who was Sultan Suleiman I

A

ruled ottoman empire military was strong and dedicated, created out of christian boys coverted to muslim faith

18
Q

What was the commercial revolution

A

england in 1600 great increase in trade and commerce led to greater middle class. willing to pay taxes, but wanted a say in how the money was sent

19
Q

Calvinism in England

A

calvinist largest percent of people in england

20
Q

What did the Stuarts want?

A

king, archbishop of canterbury, bishops determined practice anf doctrine

21
Q

What did the puritans want?

A

chruch members wanted more voice and expressing dissenting views

22
Q

Reign of James I

A

Divine right of kings: published True Law of Free Monarches. parliament wanted to get rid of pope side of monarchy, James thought presbyterian style politics would ruin monarchy

23
Q

Charles I

A

england: opposed puritans and affirmed anglican church. In exchange of funds he signs Petition of Rights 1628

24
Q

What was the peition of rights

A

weaken the monarchy no one be conpelled to pay tax or loan
no one imprisoned without process of law

25
Archbishop of Canterbury
forced english book of prayer onto scottish presbyterian church
26
Who were the cavaliers
aristocrats, nobles, and churches loyal to the king favored strong monarchy and anglican church with bishops appointed by the king
27
who were the rounheads?
puritans, townspeople, middle class, businessmen, people from presbyterian dominated london wanted presbyterian monarchy and church governed by elected presbyterian elders
28
What was the long parliament?
charles I called parliament for money to fight scots. parliament executed archbishop and passed laws that limited royal power
29
Who was Oliver Cromwell?
protestant and organized New Model Army. killed king charles i. created commonwealth
30
After Cromwell
brought charles ii back from exile. conflict over king, parliament, and religion whigs sus of catholics. torries loyal to monarchy
31
William and Mary of Orange
invited to invade and overthrow james ii name of protestsntism
32
English bill of rights
reject divine right authority. placed limit on english monarchy. england became constitutional monarchy controlled by aristocratic oligarchy 1689
33
Agricultural Revolution
people were involved in animal husbandry. selected breeding, livestock production, crop rotation. jethro tull, seed drill, crops in row. iron plow ajd reaping machine
34
Dutch Republics
governed as seven independent provinces. no absolutism, wealthy merchants, urban gentry held political power
35
dutch economy
Amsterdam financial center of europe focused on mercantilism, ship building, and east indies company
36
Dutch Art
baroque, famous artist like Frans Hall, Rembrandt, Jan Vermeer. painted everday life, dutch realism
37
What was dutch relgious toleration?
calvinism primary relgion. other were tolerated, focus on mercantilism
38
Who was William II of Orange?
He ruled Holland/Netherlands where he tried to centralized power and reduce influence of Dutch parliament. (1650)
39
Who was King James II?
King of England, where he was a Catholic, and ruled with iron fist. He attempted to centralize power, and tried bypassing Parliament.(1650)
40
King Charles II
Known as the "Bewitched" where he was weak ruler as he had serious physical and mental disabilities, due to inbreeding in Habsburg Family. (1660)
41
Peter the Great of Russia
Expanded territory, and had absolute monarchy. He was able to westernize Russia, and built St. Petersburg. (1700)
42
Who was Gustavus Adolphus
(1600) He was protestant, as he tried to defend it in the 30 year war. Revolutionized warfare with new tactics, lighter artillery. Able to make Sweden a major European power.