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AP EURO > Chapter 14: Age of Exploration > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Age of Exploration Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

reformation

A

clashes between catholics and christian reformers who developed new christianity.

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2
Q

catholicism motive for exploration

A

responded by finding new places to spread cathoclism

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3
Q

protestants motive for exploration

A

explored places to find refuge and create new christian lands.

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4
Q

commercial motives

A

expanding markets

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5
Q

route easte

A

europeans looked for easier routes east towards asia.

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6
Q

water route motive for exploretion

A

sought a water route (faster) than land

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7
Q

mercantilism

A

generate wealth using goods and resources

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8
Q

balance of trades

A

more exports than imports

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9
Q

colony

A

new economic theories and creating a colonial system around the world.

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10
Q

political

A

leadership wanted more power and access

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11
Q

portolani

A

better globals maps

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12
Q

sternpost rudder

A

maneuver
ships

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13
Q

cartography

A

drawing maps

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14
Q

astrolabe

A

star chart (navigation)

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15
Q

compass

A

navigational (directional)

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16
Q

caravel

A

faster, sturdy ship.

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17
Q

lateen sail

A

sail against the wind

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18
Q

gunpowder

A

guns and gunpowder fight off enemies

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19
Q

trading empire of portugal

A

develop vast trading empire. spices goal to beat out muslim traders

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20
Q

vasco de gama

A

sail around coast of east africa and india and Arabian sea
first to sail around cape code

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21
Q

India (portugal)

A

created trading post goa city

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22
Q

malacca

A

portugal established malacca in malay

23
Q

west africa(portugal)

A

began trading along west africa in spice and slave trafe

24
Q

christopher columbus

A

traveled to new world thinking it was indiA

25
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

spanish conquistadors that conquered the Aztec empire

26
Q

new spain

A

council of indies and viceroys in mexico city and lima peru

27
Q

ecomienda system

A

land granted to nobles and natives to work

28
Q

asiento system

A

slaves granted land owners

29
Q

ferdinand magellan

A

first to sail around the world

30
Q

bartolome de las casas

A

saw the cruelty to the indians (famous priests)

31
Q

francisco pizarro

A

inca empire (peru) spanish american empire by 1600 was 20x its own size. indigenous empire in people convert to christianity and subjects of spanish king.

32
Q

spice islands

A

established the spice islands

33
Q

manilla

A

trading port in manilla

34
Q

dutch east india company

A

india asia

35
Q

dutch west india company

A

north america

36
Q

john cabot

A

explored newfoundland and north atlantic sea of North America

37
Q

England overseas empires

A

north america : englush colonies jamestown

west indies: bahamas jamaica.

38
Q

francis drake

A

attacked spanish ships

39
Q

jacque cartier

A

sails to north america

40
Q

samuel de champlain

A

establsih canada

41
Q

west indies (france)

A

martinique and other islands

42
Q

old world to new world

A

agricultural products:coffee, cane sugar, wheat,rice.
Animal: Cows, horses, pigs,sheep,goats, and chickens.
Diseases: Small pox, measles, dipntheria
Human population: European colonists, enslaved Africans

43
Q

old world to new world

A

agricultural products:coffee, cane sugar, wheat,rice.
Animal: Cows, horses, pigs,sheep,goats, and chickens.
Diseases: Small pox, measles, dipntheria
Human population: European colonists, enslaved Africans

44
Q

new world to old world

A

agricultural products: potatoes, maize, tomatoes, peanuts, tobacco, vanilla, abd chocolate.
Animals: turkey
Disease: syphillis

45
Q

effects of the columbian exchange to the new world

A

european diseases destroyed indigenous populations. 90% of indigenous people died between 1492-1600.
Horse transferred plains indians.

46
Q

effects of the columbian exchange in europe

A

crops and european diet carribbbean sugar, silver, gold mines in per gave inflation to spain. Western Europe dramatic wealth gain from colonies

47
Q

slave trade

A

wealth promoted triangular trading system and transatlantic slave trade. 1580-1800 Africans were the largestgroup moved to tue New World

48
Q

triangular trade

A

rotation of slaves to Americas, sugar from the carriabbean to the American colonies and goods back to Europe and other colonies

49
Q

middle passage

A

route from Africa to the New World

Dangerous and led to deaths for many enslaved.

50
Q

Centers of European trade

A

lisbon, Bristol,Antwerp, Amsterdam, and London

51
Q

Commercial Revolution

A

Cash crops. Demand for sugar and other products. Land to grow it, and sugar plantations.

52
Q

rise in capitalism

A

capital invested to produce more capital

53
Q

Economic Changes

A

new ocean trade routes thst have spice, sugar precious metals.

New food led to Growth of the population.

New entrepreneurs: Merchant and bankers replaced guild workers.

New industry: Print press, ship building,
canons, and musket.

54
Q

Economic effects

A

price revolution inflation of prices during 1500s. Gold and silver from New World, rising demand.
Nations- center economic system
Town and guilfd before 1500 national economic system.
Joint stock companies. Huge amount of capital needed for trips; investors brought shares
Mercantilist: Colonies exportstion, materials, and import of finished goods.

AP EURO (2 decks)

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