Chapter 15: Digestive Tract Flashcards
Its function is to obtain molecules from the the ingested food that are necessary for the maintenance, growth, and energy needs of the body
Digestive system
Carbohydrates and lipids are broken down by _____ in the oral cavity
Saliva
A mass of striated muscle covered by mucosa
Tongue
CT between small fascicles of muscle penetrated by the ___ ____, which makes the mucous membrane strongly adherent to the muscular core
Lamina propria
The ____/____ surface of the tongue is smooth, with typical lining mucosa
Lower/ventral
The ____/____ surface of the tongue is irregular, having hundreds of papillae
Upper/dorsal
The papillary and tonsillar areas of the tongue are separated by a V-shaped groove called the ____ ____
Sulcus terminalis
___ ____ are very numerous, have an elongated conical shape, and are heavily keratinized which gives their surface a gray or whitish appearance
Filiform papillae
Provide a rough surface that facilitates movement of food during chewing - mechanical
Filiform papillae
____ ____ are much less numerous, lightly keratinized, and interspersed on the tongue. They are mushroom-shaped and taste buds are present
Fungiform papillae
Ovoid structures within the stratified epithelium on the tongue’s surface, which sample the general chemical composition of ingested material
Taste buds
The taste bud is made up of 3 types of cells: ____, ____, and ____
Gustatory, supportive, and basal stem cells
___ ___ cells give rise to gustatory and supportive cells in teh taste bud
Basal stem
At the apical ends of the gustatory cells, ____ project toward a point in the structure called the taste ___
Microvilli; pore
The crown of a tooth is covered by very hard, acellular _____ and the roots by a bone-like tissue called _____
Enamel; cementum
The bulk of the tooth is composed of another calcified material called _____
Dentin
Dentin surrounds an internal ___ ___
Pulp cavity
The pulp cavity narrows in each root as the ___ ___, which extends to an opening at the tip of the root for the blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves of the pulp cavity
Root canal
Opening at the tip of each root
Apical foramen
Dentin is a calcified tissue harder than bone, consisting of 70% _______
Hydroxyapatite
The organic matrix, hydroxyapatite, contains type I collagen and proteoglycans secreted from the the apical ends of ________
Odontoblasts
Tall polarized cells derived from the cranial neural crest that line the tooth’s pulp cavity
Odontoblasts
Long apical odontoblast processes extend from the odontoblasts within ___ tubules
Dentinal tubules
In a developing tooth bud, the matrix for the enamel rod is secreted by tall, polarized cells called
Ameloblasts
