Chapter 15 Flashcards
1
Q
acetabulum
A
hip socket
2
Q
calcaneus
A
heel
3
Q
carpals
A
wrist bones
4
Q
clavicle
A
collar bone
5
Q
coccyx
A
tailbone
6
Q
cranium
A
skull
7
Q
femur
A
thigh bone
8
Q
fibula
A
smaller of the two lower leg bones
9
Q
humerus
A
upper arm bone
10
Q
ilium
A
upper part of pelvic bone
11
Q
ishium
A
inferior or lower part of the pelvic bone
12
Q
malleolus
A
ankle
13
Q
mandible
A
lower jawbone
14
Q
maxilla
A
upper jawbone
15
Q
metacarapls
A
hand bones
16
Q
metatarsal
A
midfoot bones
17
Q
olecranon
A
elbow
18
Q
patella
A
kneecap
19
Q
phalanges
A
finger and toe bones
20
Q
pubis
A
anterior part of the pelvic bone
21
Q
radius
A
forearm bone- thumb side
22
Q
scapula
A
shoulder blade
23
Q
sternum
A
breastbone
24
Q
tarsals
A
hindfoot and midfoot bones
25
tibia
shin bone- larger of the two lower leg bones
26
ulna
forearm bone- little finger side
27
vertebra
backbone/spine
28
acetabulum
rounded depression or socket in the pelvis that joins the femur forming the hip joint
29
acromion
outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder
30
bone
dense hard connective tissue composing the skeleton
31
bone depression
opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones or passageways for blood vessels and nerves
32
bone process
enlarged area that extends from bones as an attachment for muscles, tendons and ligaments
33
calcium
one of the mineral constituents of bone
34
cancellous bone
spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone
35
cartilage
flexible, connective tissue
36
collagen
dense connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissue
37
compact bone
hard dense bone tissue usually found around the outer portion of bones
38
cranial bones
skull bones
39
diaphysis
shaft or mid portion of a long bone
40
disk
flat round plate like structure
41
epiphyseal plate
cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton
42
epiphysis
each end of a long bone
43
facial bones
bones of the face
44
fontanelle
soft spot between the skull bones of an infant
45
foramen magnum
opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes
46
Haversian canals
minute spaces filled with blood vessels
47
ligament
fibrous connective tissue that binds bone to other bones
48
malleolus
round process on both dies of the ankle joint
49
manubrium
upper portion of the sternum
50
mastoid process
rounded projection on the temporal bone behind the ear
51
medullary cavity
central hollowed out area in the shaft of a long bone
52
metaphysis
flared portion of a long bone between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate
53
olecranon
large process on the proximal end of the ulna at the elbow
54
orthopedist
medical doctor who specialized in bone, joints, and muscle conditions
55
osseous tissue
bone tissue
56
offification
process of bone formation
57
osteoblast
bone cell that helps form bony tissue
58
osteoclast
bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
59
periosteum
membrane surrounding bone
60
phosphorus
mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium
61
physiatrist
medical doctor specializing in rehabilitation
62
pubic symphysis
area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis
63
red bone marrow
found in cancellous bone
64
ribs
twelve pairs of curved bone that form the chest wall
65
sella turcica
depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located
66
sinus
hollow air cavity within a bone
67
styloid process
pole like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull
68
suture
immovable joint between bones
69
temporomandibular joint
connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw
70
tendon
fibrous connective tissue that binds muscles to bones
71
trabeculae
supporting bundle of bony fibers in cancellous bone
72
vertebra
individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body
73
xiphoid process
lower narrow portion of the sternum
74
yellow bone marrow
fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones
75
calc/o, calci/o
calcium
76
kyph/o
humpback, hunchback
77
lamin/o
lamina
78
lord/o
curve, swayback
79
lumb/o
loins, lower back
80
myel/o
bone marrow
81
orth/o
straight
82
oste/o
bone
83
scoli/o
crooked, bent
84
spondyl/o
vertebra
85
vertebr/o
vertebra
86
-blast
embryonic
87
-clast
to break
88
-listhesis
slipping
89
-malacia
softening
90
-physis
to grow
91
-porosis
pore, passage
92
-tome
instrument to cut
93
Ewing sarcoma
rare malignant tumor arising in bone
94
exostosis
bony growth arising from the surface on bone
95
fracture
traumatic breaking of a bone
96
osteogenic sarcoma
common malignant tumor arising from osteoblasts found primarily in children and adolescents
97
osteomalacia
softening of bone
98
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection
99
osteoporosis
decrease in bone density
100
talipes
congenital abnormality of the hindfoot
101
articular cartilage
smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint
102
articulation
any type of joint
103
bursa
sac of fluid near a joint
104
ligament
fibrous connective bands binding bones to other bonees
105
meniscus
crescent shaped fibrocartilaginous structure found in the knee
106
suture joint
immovable joint
107
synovial cavity
space between bone at a synovial joint
108
synovial fluid
viscous fluid within the synovial cavity
109
synovial joint
freely movable joint
110
synovial membrane
tissue lining the synovial cavity
111
tendon
fibrous connective tissue muscles to bones
112
ankyl/o
stiff
113
arthr/o, articul/o
joint
114
burs/o
bursa
115
chondr/o
cartilage
116
ligament/o
ligament
117
rheumat/o
watery flow
118
synov/o
synovial membane
119
ten/o, tendin/o
tendon
120
-desis
to bind, tie together
121
-stenosis
narrowing
122
arthritis
inflammation of any joint
123
ankylosing spondylities
chronic progressive arthritis with stiffening of spinal joints,
124
gouty arthritis
inflammation and painful swelling joint caused by excessive uric acid in the body
125
osteoarthritis
progressive degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone
126
rheumatoid arthrities
chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain
127
bunion
enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe
128
carpal tunnel syndrome
compression of the median nerve as it passes between the transverse ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist
129
dislocation
displacement of a bone from its joint
130
ganglion cyst
fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons
131
herniation of an intervertebral disk
abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves
132
lyme disease
chronic recurrent disorder marked by severe arthritis, myalgia and malaise
133
sprain
trauma to a joint with swelling and injury to ligaments
134
systemic lupus erythematosus
chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidney, central nervous system, heart, and lungs
135
flexion
decreasing the angle between two bones
136
extension
increasing the angle between two bones
137
abduction
move away from the midline of the body
138
adduction
movement toward the midline of the body
139
rotation
circular movement around an axis
140
dorsiflexion
decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot move upward
141
plantar flexion
motion that moves the foot downward toward the ground
142
supination
where the elbow is bent the act of turning the palm up
143
pronation
where the elbow is bent the act of turning the palm down
144
fascia
fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles
145
insertion of a muscle
connection of the muscle to a bone that moves
146
origin of a muscle
connection of the muscle to a stationary bone
147
visceral muscle
muscle connected to internal organs
148
fasci/o
fascia
149
fibr/o
fibrous connective tissue
150
leiomy/o
smooth muscle that lines the walls of internal organs
151
my/o
muscle
152
myocardi/o
heart muscle
153
myos/o
muscle
154
plant/o
sole of the foot
155
rhabdomy/o
skeletal muscle connected to bones
156
sarc/o
muscle and flesh
157
-asthenia
lack of strength
158
-trophy
development, nourishment
159
ab
away from
160
ad
toward
161
dorsi
back
162
poly
many, much
163
muscular dystrophy
group of inherited disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system
164
polymyositis
chronic inflammatory myopathy
165
antinuclear antibody test
detects an antibody often present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune disease
166
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
measure time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube
167
rheumatoid factor test
serum is tested for the presence of an antibody found in many patients with rheumatoid arthritis
168
serum calcium
measurement of calcium level in serum
169
serum creatine kinase
measurement of the enzyme creatine kinase in serum
170
uric acid test
measurement of uric acid serum
171
arthrocentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space
172
arthrography
taking x-ray after injection of contrast material into a joint
173
arthroplasty
surgical repair or replacement of a joint
174
arthroscopy
visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope which projects an image on a video monitor
175
bone density test
low energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass
176
bone scan
uptake of radioactive substance is measured in bone
177
computed tomography
x-ray beam and computer provide cross-sectional and other images
178
diskography
x-ray examination of cervical or lumbar intervertebral disk after injection of contrast into nucleus pulposus
179
electromyography
recording the strength of muscle contraction as a result of electrical stimulation
180
magnetic resonance imaging
strong magnetic fieldand advanced computing technology are used to create high resolution images of soft tissue
181
muscle biopsy
removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination
