chapter 12 Flashcards
1
Q
adenoids
A
lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
2
Q
alveolus
A
air sac in the lung
3
Q
apex of the lung
A
tip or uppermost portion of the lung
4
Q
base of the lung
A
lower portion of the lung
5
Q
bronchioles
A
smallest branches of the bronchi
6
Q
bronchus
A
branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the ling
7
Q
carbon dioxide
A
gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine
8
Q
cilia
A
thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract
9
Q
diaphragm
A
muscle separating the chest and abdomen
10
Q
epiglottis
A
lid like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
11
Q
expiration
A
breathing out
12
Q
glottis
A
slit like opening to the larynx
13
Q
hilum of the lung
A
midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the lungs
14
Q
inspiration
A
breathing in
15
Q
larynx
A
voice box
16
Q
lobe
A
division of a lung
17
Q
mediastinum
A
region between the lungs in the chest cavity
18
Q
nares
A
opening through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavitiies
19
Q
oxygen
A
gas that makes up 21 percent of the air
20
Q
palatine tonsil
A
one of a pair of almond shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
21
Q
paranasal sinus
A
one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
22
Q
parietal pleura
A
outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall
23
Q
pharynx
A
throat
24
Q
pleura
A
double layered membrane surrounding each lung
25
pleural cavity
space between the folds of the pleura
26
pulmonary parenchyma
essential parts of the lung responsible for respiration
27
respiration
process of moving air into and out of the lung
28
trachea
windpipe
29
visceral pleura
inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
30
adenoid/o
adenoids
31
alvelo/o
alveolus, air sac
32
bronch/o, bronchi/o
bronchial tubes, bronchus
33
bronchiol/o
bronchiole, small bronchus
34
capn/o
carbon dioxide
35
coni/o
dust
36
cyan/o
blue
37
epiglott/o
epiglottis
38
laryng/o
larynx, voice box
39
lob/o
lobe of the lung
40
mediastin/o
mediastinum
41
nas/o
nose
42
orth/o
straight, upright
43
ox/o
oxygen
44
pector/o
chest
45
pharyng/o
pharynx, throat
46
phon/o
voice
47
phren/o
diaphragm
48
pleur/o
pleura
49
pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o
air, lung
50
rhin/o
nose
51
sinus/o
sinus, cavity
52
spir/o
breathing
53
tel/o
complete
54
thorac/o
chest
55
tonsill/o
tonsil
56
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
57
-ema
condition
58
-osmia
smell
59
-pnea
breathing
60
-ptysis
spitting
61
-sphyxia
pulse
62
-thorax
pleural cavity, chest
63
auscultation
listening to sounds within the body
64
percussion
tapping on a sure to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
65
pleural rub
scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other
66
rales
fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation when there is fluid in the alveoli
67
rhonchi
loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
68
sputum
material expelled from the bronchi, lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting
69
stridor
strained high pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx
70
wheezes
continuous high pitched whistling sound produced during breathing
71
croup
acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx accompanied by barking cough and stridor
72
diphtheria
acute infections of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium
73
epistaxis
nosebleed
74
pertussis
whooping cough
75
asthma
chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and construction and increase mucus product
76
bronchiectasis
chronic dilation of a bronchus usually secondary to infection
77
chronic bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time
78
cystic fibrosis
inherited disorder of exocrine gland resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally
79
atelectasis
collapsed lung
80
emphysema
hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
81
lung cancer
malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi
82
pneumoconiosis
abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis
83
pneumonia
acute inflammation and infection of alveoli which fill with pus or product of the inflammatory reaction
84
pulmonary abscess
large collection of pus in the lungs
85
pulmonary edema
fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles
86
pulmonary embolism
clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung
87
pulmonary fibrosis
formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs
88
sarcoidosis
chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs
89
tuberculosis
infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
90
mesothelioma
rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura
91
pleural effusion
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
92
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura
93
pneumothorax
collection of air in the pleural space
94
anthracosis
coal dust accumulates in the lungs
95
asbestosis
asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs
96
bacilli
rod shaped bacteria
97
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
chronic condition of persistent obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs
98
cor pulmonale
failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to the lungs because of underlying lung disease
99
exudates
fluid, cells and other substance that filter from cells or capillaries ooze into lesions or area of inflammation
100
hydrothorax
collection of fluid in the pleural cavity
101
infiltrate
collection of fluid or other material within the lung
102
palliative
relieving symptoms but not curing the disease
103
paroxysmal
pertaining to a sudden occurrence
104
pulmonary infarction
area of necrosis
105
purulent
containing pus
106
silicosis
disease due to silica or glass dust in the lungs
107
chest x-ray
radiographic image of the thoracic cavity
108
computed tomography scan of the chest
computer generated series of x-ray show thoracic structure cross section and other planes
109
magnetic resonance imaging of the chest
magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross sectional planes
110
positron emission tomography scan of the lung
radioactive glucose is injected and images reveal metabolic activity of the lungs
111
ventilation perfusion scan
detection device records radioactivity in the lung after intravenous injection of a radioisotope and inhalation of a small amount of radioactive gas
112
bronchoscopy
fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes
113
endotracheal intubation
placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, trachea to establish an airway
114
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the voice box
115
lung biopsy
removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination
116
mediastinoscopy
endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum
117
pulmonary function tests
tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs
118
thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
119
thoracotomy
large surgical incision of the chest
120
thoracoscopy
visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope
121
tracheostomy
surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck
122
tuberculin test
determines past or present tuberculous infection based on a positive skin reaction
123
tube thoracostomy
flexible plastic chest tube is passed into the pleural space through an opening in the chest
