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Bio 1060 Medical term > chapter 13 > Flashcards

chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

albumin

A

protein in blood, maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

antibody

A

specific protein produced by the lymphocytes in response to bacteria

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3
Q

antigen

A

substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue

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5
Q

bilirubin

A

orange-yellow pigment in bile

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6
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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7
Q

colony stimulating factor

A

protein that stimulates growth of white blood cells

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8
Q

differentiation

A

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

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9
Q

electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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10
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain red

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11
Q

erythroblast

A

immature red blood cell

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12
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone secreted by the kidney, stimulates red blood cell formation

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13
Q

fibrin

A

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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14
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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15
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein, alpha beta and gamma

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16
Q

granulocyte

A

white blood cell with numerous dark staining granules

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17
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

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18
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron

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19
Q

heparin

A

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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20
Q

immune reaction

A

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

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21
Q

immunoglobulin

A

protein with antibody activity

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22
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

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23
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

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24
Q

macronphage

A

monocyte that migrate from the blood to tissue spaces

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25
megakaryocyte
large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow
26
monocyte
leukocyte with one large nucleus
27
mononuclear
pertaining to a cell with a single round nucleus
28
myeloblast
immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes
29
neutrophil
granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow
30
plasma
liquid portion of blood
31
plasmaphersis
removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge
32
platelet
small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process
33
polymorphonculear
pertaining to a white blood cell with multilobed nucleaus
34
prothrombin
plasma protein
35
reticulocyte
immature erythrocyte
36
Rh factor
antigen on red blood cells of Rh- positive individuals
37
serum
plasma minus clotting proteins and cells
38
stem cell
unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature specialized forms
39
thrombin
enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
40
thrombocyte
platelet
41
bas/o
base
42
chrom/o
color
43
coagul/o
clotting
44
cyt/o
cell
45
eosin/o
red, dawn, rosy
46
erythr/o
red
47
granul/o
granules
48
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
49
hemoglobin/o
hemoglobin
50
is/o
same, equal
51
kary/o
nucleus
52
leuk/o
white
53
mon/o
one, single
54
morph/o
shape, form
55
myel/o
bone marrow
56
neutr/o
neutral
57
nucle/o
nucleus
58
phag/o
eat, swallow
59
poikil/o
varied, irregular
60
sider/o
iron
61
spher/o
globe, round
62
thromb/o
clot
63
-aphersis
removal, a carrying away
64
-blast
immature or embryonic cell
65
-cytosis
abnormal condition of cells
66
-emia
blood condition
67
-gen
giving rise to, producing
68
-globin, -globulin
protein
69
-lytic
pertaining to destruction
70
-oid
derived or originating from
71
-osis
abnormal condition
72
-penia
deficiency
73
-phage
eat, swallow
74
-philia
attraction for
75
-phoresis
carrying, transmission
76
-poiesis
formation
77
-stasis
stop, control
78
anisocytosis
cells are unequal in size
79
hypochromia
cells have reduced color
80
macrocytosis
cells are large
81
microcytosis
cells are small
82
poikilocytosis
cells are irregularly shaped
83
sherocytosis
cells are spherical
84
anemia
deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin
85
aplastic anemia
failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow
86
hemolytic anemia
reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
87
pernicious anemia
lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream
88
sickle cell anemia
hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle shape erythrocytes and hemolysis
89
thalassemia
inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia
90
hemochromatosis
excess iron deposits throughout the body
91
polycythemia vera
general increase in red blood cells
92
hemophilia
excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factors VIII and IX necessary for blood clotting
93
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
94
leukemia
increase in cancerous white blood cells
95
acute myeloid leukemia
immature granulocytes predominate
96
acute lymphoid leukemia
immature lymphocytes predominate
97
chronic myeloid leukemia
both mature and immature granulocytes are present in large numbers in the marrow and blood
98
chronic lymphoid leukemia
abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes and spleen
99
granulocytosis
abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood
100
mononucleosis
infectious disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocyte and enlarge cervical lymph nodes
101
multiple myeloma
malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
102
antiglobulin
test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes
103
bleeding time
time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound
104
coagulation time
time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube
105
complete blood count
determination of numbers of blood cells
106
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma
107
hematocrit
percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood
108
hemoglobin test
total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood
109
platelet count
number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
110
prothrombin time
test of the ability of blood to clot
111
red blood cell count
number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
112
red blood cell morphology
microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells
113
white blood cell count
number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
114
white blood cell differential
percentages of different types of leukocytes in the blood
115
apheresis
separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood
116
blood transfusion
whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient
117
bone marrow biopsy
microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle
118
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient

Bio 1060 Medical term (18 decks)

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