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Bio 1060 Medical term > chapter 14 > Flashcards

chapter 14 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adaptive immunity

A

the ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them

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2
Q

adenoids

A

mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

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3
Q

antibody

A

protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens

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4
Q

antigen

A

substance that the body recognizes as foreign

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5
Q

axillary nodes

A

lymph nodes in the armpit

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6
Q

B cell

A

lymphocyte that mature into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies

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7
Q

cell mediated immunity

A

t cells respond to antigens and destroy them

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8
Q

cervical nodes

A

lymph nodes in the neck region

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9
Q

complement system

A

set of protein in the blood that help antibodies kill their target

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10
Q

cytokines

A

proteins secreted by cytotoxic T cells to aid in antigen destruction

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11
Q

cytotoxic T cell

A

lymphocyte that directly kill antigens

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12
Q

dendritic cell

A

antigen presenting cell, shows T and B cells what to attack

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13
Q

helper T cell

A

lymphocyte that aids B cells and stimulates T cells

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14
Q

humoral immunity

A

B cells produce antibodies after exposure to specific antigens

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15
Q

immunity

A

body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins that damage tissue and organs

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16
Q

immunoglobulins

A

antibodies such as IgA, IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD, secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen

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17
Q

immunotherapy

A

use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease

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18
Q

inguinal nodes

A

lymph nodes in the groin region

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19
Q

interferons

A

proteins secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response

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20
Q

interleukins

A

proteins that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes

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21
Q

interstitial fluid

A

fluid in the spaces between cells

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22
Q

lymph

A

thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body

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23
Q

lymph capillaries

A

tiniest lymphatic vessels

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24
Q

lymphoid organs

A

lymph nodes, spleen and thymus gland

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25
Q

lymph node

A

collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessel, contains cells that fight infection

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26
Q

lymph vessel

A

carrier of lymph throughout the body

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27
Q

macrophage

A

large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body

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28
Q

mediastinal nodes

A

lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

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29
Q

mesenteric nodes

A

lymph nodes in the mesentery

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30
Q

monoclonal antibody

A

antibody produced in a laboratory a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells

31
Q

natural immunity

A

protection that an individual is born with to fight infection such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages and NK cells

32
Q

paraaortic nodes

A

lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumbar area of the body

33
Q

plasma cell

A

lymphocyte that secreted antibodies

34
Q

right lymphatic duct

A

lymphatic vessel in the chest that drains lymph from the upper right part of the body

35
Q

spleen

A

organ in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that destroys worn out read blood cells, activates lymphocytes, and stores blood

36
Q

suppressor t cell

A

lymphocyte that acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemical

37
Q

T cell

A

lymphocyte that acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce

38
Q

tolerance

A

the ability to T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as self or friendly

39
Q

thoracic duct

A

large lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the lower and left side of the body

40
Q

thymus gland

A

lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that condition T cells to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response

41
Q

tonsils

A

masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx

42
Q

toxin

A

poison

43
Q

vaccination

A

exposure of an individual to a foreign protein that provokes an immune response

44
Q

vaccine

A

weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease

45
Q

immun/o

A

protection

46
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

47
Q

lymphaden/o

A

lymph node

48
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

49
Q

thym/o

A

thymus gland

50
Q

tox/o

A

poison

51
Q

ana-

A

again

52
Q

inter-

A

between

53
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

group of clinical signs and symptoms associated with suppression of the immune system and marked by opportunistic infections

54
Q

allergy

A

abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen

55
Q

lymphoma

A

malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymph tissue

56
Q

multiple myeloma

A

malignant tumor of bone marrow cells

57
Q

thymoma

A

malignant tumor of the thymus gland

58
Q

allergen

A

substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body

59
Q

anaphylaxis

A

exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance

60
Q

atopy

A

hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition

61
Q

CD4+ cells

A

helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface

62
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma

A

malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes

63
Q

human immunodeficiency virus

A

virus that causes Aids

64
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant legion associated with AIDS

65
Q

non Hodgkin lymphomas

A

group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue

66
Q

opportunistic infections

A

infectious disease associated with AIDS

67
Q

protease inhibitor

A

drug that treats AIDS by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme needed to make copies of HIV

68
Q

reverse transcriptase inhibitor

A

drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease

69
Q

wasting syndrome

A

weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite and mental activity

70
Q

CD4+ cell count

A

measures the number of CD4+ T cells in the bloodstream of patients with AIDS

71
Q

ELISA

A

screening test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in the bloodstream

72
Q

immunelectrophoresis

A

test that separates immunoglobulins

73
Q

viral load test

A

measurement of the amount of AIDS virus in the bloodstream

74
Q

computed tomography scan

A

x-ray imaging produced cross sectional and other views of anatomic structures

Bio 1060 Medical term (18 decks)

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