Chapter 15 Flashcards
SALT?
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
agreement between US and USSR to limit the number of nuclear weapons held by each side
one agreement limited ABMS (anti-ballistic missiles)
why were ABMS (anti-ballistic missiles) a particular threat
They were a particular threat bc giving one side some protection against the other, encourages the protected side to attack
what is “Star Wars” and who launched it?
missile defense against nuclear attack
launched by Reagan
START
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
between US and USSR
detente
relaxation of tensions
US wanted to restrain USSR thru diplomacy vs. military
Détente ended when USSR invaded Afghanistan
arms race timeline
SALT
detente
Star Wars
START
Cuba timeline
Fidel Castro
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Cuban missile crisis
JFK imposed naval blockade to prevent USSR shipments
agreement reached
Fidel Castro?
organized Cuban Revolution vs. dictator
won and transformed the country:
- Sought help from USSR
- Nationalized businesses and gov-controlled the land
- Restricted political freedom
Bay of Pigs Invasion
launched by JFK
- He wanted to bring down next door communist regime
- Castro’s forces captured the invaders
- US imposed a trade embargo on Cuba
Khrushchev
after Stalin
- He publicly denounced Stalin
- Maintained Communist Party’s control
- Closed prison camps and eased censorship
- Wanted “peaceful coexistence” w West
Brezhnev
after Khruschev
Sakharov
Soviet scientist who spoke out for civil liberties under Brezhnev silenced him
Solzhenitsyn
Soviet soldier in WWII wrote to a friend criticizing USSR and was sentenced to prison camp
Released under Krushchev and took up writing, but his books were banned
HUAC
House Un-American Activities Committee
- tried to weed out communist sympathizers
- Made up of members from the House of Reps
- Sought to expose communist sympathizers in Hollywood in particular
Where was Sunbelt and why is it important?
S. and SW. of US
a lot of suburbanization during this era, but particularly to this area bc:
- More jobs than in industrialized north
- Warmer climate
- AC was available and irrigation in states like AZ
How did oil cause a recession?
Political crisis in Middle East led to decreased oil exports, causing oil prices to soar worldwide
Higher prices for oil left businesses and consumers w less to spend on other products
Caused a serious recession & series of recessions and yrs of renewed prosperity
Americans became aware of their dependence on imported oil and global economic forces
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
US Supreme Court ruling declared segregated schools as unconstitutional
US gov role in econ under diff. presidents?
JFK and Johnson:
- expanded social programs
Reagan:
- cut back taxes
- ended some social programs
- reduced gov regulation of the economy
- increased military spending
- Increased military spending + tax cuts = increase in national budget deficit
Why W. Germany have econ boom?
Marshall Plan + other programs helped
Konrad Adenaur [W. Germany’s chancellor] guided the rebuilding
Since old factories had been destroyed, Germany built highly productive industrial base
How did WWII affect European colonial empires?
they had to give in to demands for independence bc they couldn’t afford the colonies