Chapter 1 Flashcards
Greek timeline
monarchy
aristocracy
Solon
Pisistratus
Cleisthenes
Persian Wars
Pericles
Peloponnesian War
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Philip II of Macedonia
Alexander the Great
Hellenistic
Zeno
Rome timeline
Etruscans
Lucretia incident
republic
Laws of 12 tables
tribunes in senate
Punic Wars
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
development of professional soldiers
Julius Caesar
Octavian/Augustus Caesar
Pax Romana
Justinian’s Codes
Judaism timeline
Abraham
Famine
Egypt
Moses
Ten Commandments
Seven Universal Laws
David
Solomon
Assyrians
Babylonians
diaspora
Christianity timeline
Jesus
Paul
clergy
Church splits
Thomas Aquinas
England timeline
feudalism
William the Conqueror
Henry II
John
Magna Carta
Edward I
Model Parliament
100 years’ war
Tudors
James I
Charles I
Petition of Right
Long Parliament
Oliver Cromwell
Commonwealth
Charles II
James II
Glorious Revolution
English Bill of Rights 1889
William and Mary of Orange
G - Solon
Outlawed debt slavery and freed debt slaves
Opened offices to more citizens
Loosened restrictions on citizenship
Gave Athenian assembly more say
G - Pisistratus
Gave farmers and poor citizens more say, weakening the aristocracy
G - Cleisthenes
Council of 500
G - Persian Wars
Greece vs Persia
3 encounters
first war was Battle of Marathon
Greeks won all
G - Pericles
Greek Golden Age (Age of Pericles)
6,000 members need to determine major issues
Started juries
Rebuild Acropolis
Pericles’ Funeral Oration (first yr of Peloponnesian War; celebrated democracy)
G - Peloponnesian War
Athens vs Sparta
Sparta won, ending Athen’s dominance
Threw Athens into corruption
G - Aristotle
3
wrote “Politics”
Favored polity [constitutional government lead by the middle class]
ppl should live according to golden mean
came up with rule of law
set up lyceum, school for all branches of knowledge
taught Alexander the Great
G - Plato
2
wrote “Republic”
hated democracy
ideal gov: philosopher-kings - soldiers - workers
left athens for 10 years
when he came back he set up the Academy
G - Philip II of Macedonia
Alexander the Great’s dad
conquered Greece
G - Hellenistic
blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian civilizations
G - Zeno
Stoicism
R - Etruscans
aristocracy of nobles led by a king
R - republic
300 senators
senators elected two consuls per year
consuls conferred with Senate on major issues
R - Law of the Twelve
laws written down on 12 tables and hung in the Forum
R - tribunes in senate
plebes elected them
they gained entry to senate and eventually consulship
R - Punic Wars
Rome vs Carthage
3 encounters
Rome won all
2nd encounter - hannibal
R - Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Distributing land to poor farmers
Using public funds to buy grain for the poor
these social reforms counteracted problems arising from conquests
senators killed them
R - Julius Caesar
Program to employ the jobless
Gave public land to the poor
Granted citizenship to many people in the provinces
R - Octavian/Augustus Caesar
Civil service to enforce the laws
Opened high-level jobs to men of talent regardless of class
Allowed cities and provinces a large measure of self-government
R - Pax Romana
Trade flourished due to military protection of trade routes
Emperor Hadrian codified Roman law for all provinces
Emperor Marcus Aurelius came close to Plato’s ideal philosopher-king
R - Justinian’s Codes
aka Body of Civil Law
J - Abraham
founded Israelite nation in Canaan
J - famine
Israelites fled Canaan to Egypt after famine
400 yrs in egypt
J - Moses
“lawmaker” bc he brought ten commandments
J - David
united the tribes into kingdom of israel
J - Solomon
Temple of Solomon
turned Jerusalem into cool capital
heavy taxes needed for his works so ppl revolts broke out after his death
C - Thomas Aquinas
reconciled Greek reliance on reason with Christian faith
E - William the Conqueror
Battle of Normandy (Will vs Harold)
demanded every vassal to swear allegiance to him first rather than a feudal lord
took a census, which allowed for more efficient tax collection
E - Henry II
Sent out traveling judges to enforce law (common law)
Adopted the idea that local citizens act as jurors
E - John
Henry II’s son
Magna Carta guy
E - Edward I
Edward I summoned Parliament to approve money for his wars in France
he included commoners, which set up Model Parliament
E - 100 years’ war impact on parliament
“power of the purse”
E - James I
rejected puritan demands
dissolved parliament twice
E - Charles I
imprisoned ppl w/out trial
squeezed out money
parliament made him sign petition of right
dissolved parliament
when he resurrected parliament they were MAD
first ruling monarch execution
E - Oliver Cromwell
general for parliament in the Long Parliament
made commonwealth
- imposed military rule
- exiled Catholics
- Puritan power
E - Charles II
cooperated with parliament even tho he didn’t wanna
E - James II
UNREASONABLE (flaunted Catholicism, changed laws on whim)
evicted in glorious revolution
E - William and Mary of Orange
Mary - James II’s daughter
Will - M’s husband; Dutch
both protestants
