Chapter 14.2 - 14.3

Question 1

Nomothetic Approach

Answer 1

seeks borad, general principles of personality based on studies of groups of people

Question 2

Idiographic Approach

Answer 2

“individual” concentrates on intensive studies of individuals, looking for what makes someone special.

Question 3

Trait

Answer 3

A consistent tendency in behavior, such as shyness, hostility, or talkativeness.

Question 4

State

Answer 4

is a temporary activation of a particular behavior. For example being nervous most of the time is a trait, but being afraid right now is a state.

Question 5

Trait approach to personality

Answer 5

People have consistent characteristics in the their behavior

Question 6

Belief in a just world

Answer 6

Maintain that life is fair and people usual get what they deserve

Question 7

Self-esteem

Answer 7

the evaluation of one’s own abilities, performance and worth

Question 8

Big Five personality traits

Answer 8

neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to new experience.

Question 9

Neuroticism

Answer 9

is a tendency to experience unpleasant emotions frequently.

Question 10

Extraversion

Answer 10

is a tendency to seek stimulation and to enjoy the company of other people

Question 11

Agreeableness

Answer 11

is a tendency to be compassionate toward others.

Question 12

Conscientiousness

Answer 12

is a tendency to show self-discipline, to be dutiful, and to strive for achievement and competence.

Question 13

Openness to experience

Answer 13

is a tendency to enjoy new intellectual experiences and new ideas.

Question 14

Unshared environment

Answer 14

the aspects of environment that differ from one individual to another, even within a family.

Question 15

Barnum Effect

Answer 15

this tendency to accept vague descriptions of our personality.

Question 16

Standardized Test

Answer 16

is one that is administered according to rules that specify how to interpret the results.

Question 17

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Answer 17

MMPI - consists of true false questions intended to measure certain personality dimensions and clinical conditions.

Question 18

MMPI - 2

Answer 18

Example items are my mother never loved me and i think i would like the work of a pharmacist.

Question 19

Neo Pi-R

Answer 19

(Neo personality inventory-revised) includes 240 items to measure neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

Question 20

Thematic Apperception Test

Answer 20

(TAT) The person is asked to make up a story for each picture, describing what events led up to this scene. What is happening now and what will happen in the future.

Question 21

Implicit Personality test

Answer 21

measures some aspect of your personality without your awareness

Question 22

Projective Techniques

Answer 22

Which are designed to encourage people to project their personality characteristics onto ambiguous stimuli.

Question 23

Rorschach Inkblots

Answer 23

a projective technique based on peoples interpretations of 10 ambiguous inkblots

Question 24

Myer-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

Answer 24

is a test of normal personality, loosely based on Carl Jung’s Theories