15.5

Question 1

Psychotherapy

Answer 1

A treatment of psychological disorder by methods that include a personal relationship between a trained therapist and a client.

Question 2

Empirically supported treatments

Answer 2

Therapies demonstrated to be helpful

Question 3

Psychodynamic Therapies

Answer 3

Attempt to understand conflicting impulses, including some that the individual does not consciously recognize

Question 4

Psychoanalysis

Answer 4

tries to bring unconscious thoughts and emotions to consciousness.

Question 5

Free association

Answer 5

Which the client says everything that comes to mind.

Question 6

Dream analysis

Answer 6

Seeking to understand symbolism in reported dreams

Question 7

Transference

Answer 7

In which clients transfer onto the therapist the behaviors and feelings they originally established toward their father, mother, or other important person.

Question 8

Behavior Therapy

Answer 8

Begins with a clear, well-defined goal, such as eliminating test anxiety, and then attempts to achieve it through learning.

Question 9

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 9

Seeks to improve psychological well-being by changing people’s interpretation of events.

Question 10

Cognitive-behavior Therapy

Answer 10

In which therapists set explicit behavioral goals, but also try to change people’s interpretation of situations.

Question 11

Person-Centered Therapy

Answer 11

Also known as nondirective or client-centered therapy, the therapist listens to the client with total acceptance and unconditional positive regard.

Question 12

Family Systems therapy

Answer 12

The guiding assumption is that most people’s problems develop in a family setting and that the best way to deal with them is to improve family relationships and communication.

Question 13

Electric Therapy

Answer 13

Use a combination of psychotherapy methods and aprroaches

Question 14

Self-help Group

Answer 14

Operates much like group therapy, except without a therapist.

Question 15

Spontaneous Remission

Answer 15

Improvement without therapy

Question 16

Meta-analysis

Answer 16

Taking the results of many experiments, weighting each one in proportion to the number of participants, and determining the overall average effect.

Question 17

Prevention

Answer 17

Is avoiding a disorder from the start.

Question 18

Intervention

Answer 18

Is identifying a disorder and relieving it

Question 19

Maintenance

Answer 19

Is taking steps to keep a disorder from becoming more serious.

Question 20

Community Psychologists

Answer 20

Try to help people change their environment, both to prevent disorders and to promote a positive sense of mental well-being.

Question 21

Deinstitutionalization

Answer 21

the removal of patients from mental hospitals.

Question 22

Tarasoff

Answer 22

1976 case California court ruled that a therapist who has reason to believe that a client is dangerous to someone must warn the endangered person or take other steps to prevent harm.

Question 23

M’Naghten Rule

Answer 23

To establish a defense on the ground of insanity, it must be clearly proved that, at the time of the committing of the cat, the party accused was laboring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing; or if he did know it, that he did not know he was doing what was wrong. (to be regarded as insane under the M-naghten rule, peoplle must be so disordered that they do not understand what they are doing.