Chapter 14 - Vocabulary Flashcards
Adaptive immunity
Ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them. Humoral (B cells) and cell-mediated immunity (T cells) are examples
Adenoids
Mass of lymphatic tissue in nasopharynx
Antibody
Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens
Antigen
Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response. Most antigens are proteins or protein fragments found on the surface of bacteria, viruses, or organ transplant tissue cells
Immunity
Body’s ability to resist forge in organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs. Includes natural immunity and adaptive immunity
Immunotherapy
Use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease
Interstitial fluid
Fluid in spaces between cells. This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries
Lymph
Thin, watery fluid going within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout body
Lymph capillaries
Tiniest lymphatic vessels
Lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
Lymph node
Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels; contains cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) that fight infection
Lymph vessel
Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of chest
Macrophage
Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body. Phag/o means to eat or swallow
Natural immunity
Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells. It’s not antigen specific and doesn’t elicit memory
Spleen
Organ in left upper quadrant of abdomen that destroys worn-out red blood cells, activated lymphocytes, and stores blood
Thymus gland
Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to forgiven cells and aids in the immune response
Tonsils
Masses of lymphatic tissue in back of oropharynx
Toxin
Poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants
Vaccination
Exposure of an individual to a forgiven protein that provoked an immune response. The response will destroy any cell that possesses the antigen on its surface and will protect against infection.
Vaccine
Weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease
