Chapter 14 - Vocabulary

Question 1

Adaptive immunity

Answer 1

Ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mount an attack on them. Humoral (B cells) and cell-mediated immunity (T cells) are examples

Question 2

Adenoids

Answer 2

Mass of lymphatic tissue in nasopharynx

Question 3

Antibody

Answer 3

Protein produced by B cells to destroy antigens

Question 4

Antigen

Answer 4

Substance that the body recognizes as foreign; evokes an immune response. Most antigens are proteins or protein fragments found on the surface of bacteria, viruses, or organ transplant tissue cells

Question 5

Immunity

Answer 5

Body’s ability to resist forge in organisms and toxins that damage tissues and organs. Includes natural immunity and adaptive immunity

Question 6

Immunotherapy

Answer 6

Use of immune cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease

Question 7

Interstitial fluid

Answer 7

Fluid in spaces between cells. This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries

Question 8

Lymph

Answer 8

Thin, watery fluid going within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout body

Question 9

Lymph capillaries

Answer 9

Tiniest lymphatic vessels

Question 10

Lymphoid organs

Answer 10

Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland

Question 11

Lymph node

Answer 11

Collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels; contains cells (lymphocytes and macrophages) that fight infection

Question 12

Lymph vessel

Answer 12

Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of chest

Question 13

Macrophage

Answer 13

Large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body. Phag/o means to eat or swallow

Question 14

Natural immunity

Answer 14

Protection that an individual is born with to fight infection such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells. It’s not antigen specific and doesn’t elicit memory

Question 15

Spleen

Answer 15

Organ in left upper quadrant of abdomen that destroys worn-out red blood cells, activated lymphocytes, and stores blood

Question 16

Thymus gland

Answer 16

Lymphoid organ in the mediastinum that conditions T cells to react to forgiven cells and aids in the immune response

Question 17

Tonsils

Answer 17

Masses of lymphatic tissue in back of oropharynx

Question 18

Toxin

Answer 18

Poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants

Question 19

Vaccination

Answer 19

Exposure of an individual to a forgiven protein that provoked an immune response. The response will destroy any cell that possesses the antigen on its surface and will protect against infection.

Question 20

Vaccine

Answer 20

Weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease