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Medical Terms > Chapter 11 - Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is the aorta?

A

Largest artery in body

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2
Q

What is the apex of the heart?

A

Lower tip of heart

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3
Q

What is an arteriole?

A

Small artery

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4
Q

What is an artery?

A

Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from heart to all parts of body.

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5
Q

What is atrioventricular bundle or bundle of His?

A

Specialized muscle fibres connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them

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6
Q

What is atrioventricular node (AV node)?

A

Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from pacemaker (SA node) through AV node and the bundle of His toward ventricles

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7
Q

What is the atrium (sin. Atria)?

A

On of two upper chambers of the heart

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8
Q

What is a capillary?

A

Smallest blood vessel. Materials pass to and from the bloodstream through thin capillary walls

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9
Q

What is CO2?

A

Gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation

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10
Q

What are coronary arteries?

A

Blood vessels that branch from aorta and carry oxygenated blood to heart muscle

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11
Q

What is diastole?

A

Relaxation phase of the heart

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12
Q

What is EKG?

A

Record of the electricity flowing through the heart. Represented by waves of deflections called P, QRS, T

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13
Q

What is endocardium?

A

Inner lining of the heart

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14
Q

What is endothelium?

A

Innermost lining of blood vessels

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15
Q

What is the mitral valve?

A

Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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16
Q

What is the myocardium?

A

Muscular, middle layer of heart

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17
Q

What is normal sinus rhythm?

A

Heart rhythm originating in SA node with rest rate of 60-100 beats per min

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18
Q

What is oxygen?

A

Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

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19
Q

What is the pacemaker, or SA node?

A

Specialized nervous tissue in right atrium that begins the heartbeat.

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20
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

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21
Q

What is the pulmonary artery?

A

Artery carrying oxygen poor blood from heart to lungs

22
Q

What is pulmonary circulation?

A

Flow of blood from heart to lungs and back to heart.

23
Q

What is pulmonary valve?

A

Valve positioned between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

24
Q

What is the pulmonary vein?

A

One of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from lungs to the left atrium of the heart

25
Q

What is a pulse?

A

Best of heart as felt through walls of arteries

26
Q

What is the septum (plural. Septa)?

A

Partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum)

27
Q

What is sinoatrial node?

A

Pacemaker of heart

28
Q

What is sphygmomanometer?

A

Instrument to measure blood pressure

29
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from heart back to body tissues

30
Q

What is systole?

A

Contraction phase of the heartbeat

31
Q

What is tricuspid valve?

A

Located between right atrium and right ventricle; has 3 cusps

32
Q

What is a valve?

A

Structure in veins or in heart that temporarily closes an opening so bold flows in one direction

33
Q

What is a vein?

A

Thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood

34
Q

What is the vena cava (plural. Venae cavae)?

A

Largest vein in body. Superior and inferior bens cava return blood to right atrium of the heart

35
Q

What is a ventricle?

A

One of two lower chambers of the heart

36
Q

What is a Venule?

A

A small vein

37
Q

AED

A

Automatic external defibrillator

38
Q

AV, A-V

A

Atrioventricular

39
Q

CABG

A

Coronary artery bypass grafting

40
Q

CAD

A

Coronary artery disease

41
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

42
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

43
Q

DVT

A

Deep vein thrombosis

44
Q

ECG (EKG)

A

Electrocardiography

45
Q

ECHO

A

Echocardiography

46
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

47
Q

MI

A

Myocardial infarction

48
Q

PVC

A

Premature ventricular contraction

49
Q

SA, S-A node

A

Sinoatrial node

50
Q

SOB

A

Shortness of breath

Medical Terms (17 decks)

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