Chapter 14- Therapy Flashcards
treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth
psychotherapy
prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person’s physiology
biomedical therapy
an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy
eclectic approach
Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed that the patient’s free associations, resistance, dreams, and transferences- and the analyst’s interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings allowing the patient to gain self- insight
psychoanalysis
in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
resistance
in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight
interpretation
in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).
transference
therapeutic approach derived from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight
psychodynamic therapy
therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses
insight therapies
a humanistic therapy, developed by carl rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to promote clients’ growth. (Also called person-centered therapy)
client- centered therapy
empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of roger’s client-centered therapy
active listening
a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which carl rogers believe would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance
unconditional positive regard
therapeutic approach that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
behavior therapy
behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning
counterconditioning
behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid
exposure therapies
a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety- triggering stimuli. commonly used to treat phobias
systematic desensitization
a counterconditioning technique that treats anxiety by creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking
virtual reality exposure therapy
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state )such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)
aversive conditioning
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for privileges or treats
token economy
therapeutic approach that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
cognitive therapy
a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)
cognitive-behavioral therapy
therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction
group therapy
therapy that treats the family as a system. views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members
family therapy
clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
evidence-based practice
drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorders
antipsychotic drugs
drugs used to control anxiety and agitation
antianxiety drugs
drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (several widely used antidepressant drugs are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors- SSRIs.)
antidepressant drugs
a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior
psychosurgery
a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. the procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain
lobotomy
the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma
resilience
