Chapter 14- Therapy

Question 1

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

Answer 1

psychotherapy

Question 2

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person’s physiology

Answer 2

biomedical therapy

Question 3

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy

Answer 3

eclectic approach

Question 4

Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed that the patient’s free associations, resistance, dreams, and transferences- and the analyst’s interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings allowing the patient to gain self- insight

Answer 4

psychoanalysis

Question 5

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

Answer 5

resistance

Question 6

in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

Answer 6

interpretation

Question 7

in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

Answer 7

transference

Question 8

therapeutic approach derived from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight

Answer 8

psychodynamic therapy

Question 9

therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses

Answer 9

insight therapies

Question 10

a humanistic therapy, developed by carl rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to promote clients’ growth. (Also called person-centered therapy)

Answer 10

client- centered therapy

Question 11

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of roger’s client-centered therapy

Answer 11

active listening

Question 12

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which carl rogers believe would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

Answer 12

unconditional positive regard

Question 13

therapeutic approach that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

Answer 13

behavior therapy

Question 14

behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

Answer 14

counterconditioning

Question 15

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid

Answer 15

exposure therapies

Question 16

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety- triggering stimuli. commonly used to treat phobias

Answer 16

systematic desensitization

Question 17

a counterconditioning technique that treats anxiety by creative electronic simulations in which people can safely face their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking

Answer 17

virtual reality exposure therapy

Question 18

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state )such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)

Answer 18

aversive conditioning

Question 19

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for privileges or treats

Answer 19

token economy

Question 20

therapeutic approach that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

Answer 20

cognitive therapy

Question 21

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

Answer 21

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 22

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, providing benefits from group interaction

Answer 22

group therapy

Question 23

therapy that treats the family as a system. views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

Answer 23

family therapy

Question 24

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

Answer 24

evidence-based practice

Question 25

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorders

Answer 25

antipsychotic drugs

Question 26

drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

Answer 26

antianxiety drugs

Question 27

drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (several widely used antidepressant drugs are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors- SSRIs.)

Answer 27

antidepressant drugs

Question 28

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

Answer 28

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Question 29

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

Answer 29

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

Question 30

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

Answer 30

psychosurgery

Question 31

a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. the procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain

Answer 31

lobotomy

Question 32

the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma

Answer 32

resilience