Chapter 14 Test Questions Flashcards
1
Q
The percentage of blood cells in whole blood is called _____.
A
Hematocrit
2
Q
The buffy coat evidenced by separating blood cells is comprised of _____.
A
Platelets and Leukocytes
3
Q
Which blood components transport most of the gases?
A
Erythrocytes
4
Q
Each red cell contains about _____% of its volume as the pigment hemoglobin.
A
33
5
Q
Which of the following is an agranulocyte? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) eosinophil
A
Monocyte
6
Q
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in red blood cell count? A) polycythemia B) anemia C) leukemia D) porphyria
A
Polycythemia
7
Q
Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12? A) aplastic anemia B) pernicious anemia C) hemolytic anemia D) hemorrhagic anemia
A
Pernicious Anemia
8
Q
Which cells are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes?
A
Neutrophils
9
Q
Which cells are the rarest leukocytes?
A
Basophils
10
Q
Which organ has the greatest role in synthesizing most blood nutrients?
A
Liver
11
Q
Which of these is mainly comprised of triglycerides? A) HDL B) LDL C) VLDL D) chylomicron
A
Chylomicron
12
Q
Which of these has the highest proportion of protein? A) chylomicron B) VLDL C) LDL D) HDL
A
HDL
13
Q
Which lipoprotein has the highest percentage of cholesterol?
A
LDL
14
Q
During protein catabolism, _____ is produced as an end product by the liver.
A
Urea
15
Q
Which factor promotes the appearance of the platelet plug?
A
Collagen
16
Q
The precursor of all lines of blood cells is the _______________.
A
Hemocytoblast
17
Q
When red blood cells are worn out, part of their components are recycled while others are disposed. Select the incorrect statement about destruction of red blood cells.
A) The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow.
B) Iron is carried to the bone marrow by a protein called transferrin.
C) Biliverdin and bilirubin impart color to bile.
D) Macrophages in the liver and spleen destroy worn out red blood cells.
A
The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow.
18
Q
Which dietary component(s) is/are needed for DNA synthesis, and thus greatly influence the production of red blood cells?
A
Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid
19
Q
The type of anemia that is fairly common and caused by insufficient dietary iron is ______________.
A
Iron Deficiency Anemia
20
Q
The type of white blood cell that is often the first to arrive at the site of infection is a granulocyte and contains granules that stains light purple is a _______________.
A
Neutrophil
21
Q
Which cell has no nucleus when it is mature?
A
Erythrocyte
22
Q
Which of these factors will increase the RBC or RCC? A) exercise B) dieting C) low body temperature D) decreased altitudes
A
Exercise
23
Q
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? A) heme B) globin C) bilirubin D) biliverdin
A
Globin
24
Q
Which of these is the earliest of this cell line? A) reticulocyte B) erythrocyte C) erythroblast D) hemocytoblast
A
Hemocytoblast
25
Red blood cells live around _____ before they disintegrate.
120 days
26
Which organ has a primary role in stimulating blood cell formation?
Kidney
27
```
Which of the following is not a site of red blood cell production in the fetus?
A) bone marrow
B) kidney
C) liver
D) spleen
```
Kidney
28
```
Which of the following is a young platelet?
A) progranulocyte
B) basophilic band cell
C) monoblast
D) megakaryoblast
```
Megakaryoblast
29
```
Which of these did NOT develop from a myeloblast?
A) basophil
B) monocyte
C) eosinophil
D) neutrophil
```
Monocyte
30
```
Which of the following is least essential for erythrocyte development?
A) vitamin B12
B) vitamin B6
C) folic acid
D) gastric intrinsic factor
```
Vitamin B6
31
Which white blood cells are the most common?
Neutrophils
32
Which leukocytes are the largest in the peripheral blood?
Monocytes
33
Which leukocyte does NOT have phagocytic properties?
Lymphocyte
34
The condition called _____ is evidenced by a DIFF over 10,000 per cubic mm of whole blood.
Leukocytosis
35
```
Which of the following is a probable cause of leukocytosis?
A) mumps
B) chickenpox
C) influenza
D) appendicitis
```
Appendicitis
36
The ability called _____ explains how a white blood cell could be found in the urine.
Diapedesis
37
The _____ cells are actively involved with allergies.
Eosinophil
38
The _____ cells are the usual sources of heparin.
Basophil
39
Which cells release antibodies into the circulation?
Lymphocytes
40
What is the most common cancerous condition in children?
Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
41
Megakaryocytes will differentiate into _____.
Platelets
42
What is a normal platelet count?
200,000 per cubic mm
43
Which components of whole blood account for clotting?
Platelets
44
Which components are the source of serotonin which causes smooth muscle cells to contract?
Platelets
45
What is the most common component in the plasma?
Water
46
How much of the plasma is protein?
7%
47
Which is the most abundant of the plasma proteins?
Albumin
48
What is the most significant factor that helps maintain blood osmotic pressure?
Albumin
49
Which molecules are the sources of most antibodies?
Gamma Globulin
50
Which mineral is essential for coagulation to occur?
Ca2+
51
Which chemical initiates the extrinsic phase of clotting?
Thromboplastin
52
```
Which of the following is NOT always present in the blood?
A) prothrombin
B) fibrinogen
C) calcium
D) thrombin
```
Thrombin
53
What converts fibrinogen to fibrin?
Thrombin
54
Which is the last molecule to appear in a clotting reaction?
Fibrin
55
```
Which of these can dissolve a blood clot?
A) heparin
B) plasminogen
C) plasmin
D) PDGF
```
Plasmin
56
```
Which of these is a procoagulant?
A) heparin
B) antithrombin
C) vitamin K
D) prostacyclin
```
Vitamin K
57
Which is the rarest ABO blood type?
AB
58
Who is at risk for developing a fatal Rh incompatibility?
Second Rh+ fetus of Rh- mother
59
Select the statement about red blood cells that is incorrect.
A) Mature red blood cells lack nuclei.
B) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.
C) Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen.
D) Red blood cells lack mitochondria.
Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen
60
The largest cells in the blood that leave the bloodstream to become macrophages are the _______________.
Monocytes
61
A person with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophils, is most likely suffering from ____________.
Allergies or Internal Parasites
62
An acute infection would show up in a blood count as ______________.
Leukocytosis
63
Which plasma proteins help transport lipids in the bloodstream?
Alpha and Beta Globulins
64
Sedentary people with elevated triglyceride levels who continue to eat fatty foods are likely to have high levels of ____________ in their bloodstream.
Very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
65
Choose the correct order for the steps of hemostasis.
A) blood coagulation, platelet plug formation, blood vessel spasm
B) platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, blood vessel spasm
C) blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
D) blood vessel spasm, blood coagulation, platelet plug formation
Blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
66
Which clotting factor is released from damaged tissue, and initiates a chain of clotting events?
Tissue Thromboplastin
67
Which blood cell can be described as being a biconcave disc?
Erythrocyte
68
```
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?
A) erythrocyte
B) serum
C) leukocyte
D) platelet
```
Serum
69
```
Which of the following directly defines the transportation of oxygen?
A) hemoglobin
B) oxyhemoglobin
C) reduced hemoglobin
D) red cell count
```
Oxyhemoglobin
70
Red blood cells survive around _____ days.
120 days
71
```
Which of the following indicates a normal white blood cell count?
A) 1 million per mm3
B) 15,000 per cm3
C) 10,000 per mm3
D) 3,000 per mm3
```
10,000 per mm3
72
```
Which of these cell types should NOT be grouped with the others?
A) neutrophil
B) lymphocyte
C) eosinophil
D) basophil
```
Lymphocyte
73
Which type of condition is directly related to bone marrow suppression?
Aplastic Anemia
74
Pregnancy requires the addition of supplements containing iron to support the increase in vasculature and oxygen demand. T/F?
True
75
It is possible to have anemia even when the erythrocyte count is above normal. T/F?
True
76
All leukocytes usually live from 7 to 21 days. T/F?
False
77
Lymphocytes contain lysosomes, which actively decompose bacteria they engulf. T/F?
False
78
The red color in inflammation is partially explained by the ability of erythrocytes to secrete histamines. T/F?
False
79
Pus contains living as well as dead leukocytes that were summoned to the area by positive chemotaxis. T/F?
True
80
Thrombocytopenia or an increased tendency to bleed is a common consequence of leukemia. T/F?
True
81
Leukemic cells can be found within the brain or lungs. T/F?
True
82
A drop in osmotic pressure with resulting edema can be caused by a poor diet or liver disease. T/F?
True
83
High density lipoproteins have relatively more lipids than proteins. T/F?
False
84
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic condition which is characterized by high plasma LDL and increased risk of heart attack. T/F?
True
85
Excessive amounts of creatinine in the blood could result from muscle or kidney disorders. T/F?
True
86
Vessel spasm can be an effective method of hemostasis. T/F?
True
87
Damage to tissues initiates the intrinsic phase of clotting. T/F?
False
88
Bleeding is a symptom of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). T/F?
True
89
Serum is the liquid portion of the blood that cannot clot. T/F?
True
90
Streptokinase and urokinase are used to directly dissolve a thrombus that has moved into the lung. T/F?
False
91
Persons with type A agglutinogen will have anti-B agglutinin in their blood also. T/F?
True
92
Plasma is about 45% of the total blood volume. T/F?
False
93
Males have more red blood cells than females. T/F?
True
94
Cyanosis is the blue color of white skin caused by the presence of oxyhemoglobin. T/F?
False
95
Sickle cell anemia is identified by the presence of abnormally shaped red blood cells. T/F?
False
96
All white blood cells retain their nucleus throughout the life of the cell. T/F?
True
97
Monocytes become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter the tissue spaces. T/F?
True
98
It is more likely to find the smaller red blood cells in a urine specimen than the larger leukocytes. T/F?
False
99
Patients with leukemia often suffer clotting abnormalities and internal bleeding. T/F?
True
