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Physiology & Anatomy > Chapter 14 Test Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Test Questions Flashcards

1
Q

The percentage of blood cells in whole blood is called _____.

A

Hematocrit

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2
Q

The buffy coat evidenced by separating blood cells is comprised of _____.

A

Platelets and Leukocytes

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3
Q

Which blood components transport most of the gases?

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Each red cell contains about _____% of its volume as the pigment hemoglobin.

A

33

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5
Q 
Which of the following is an agranulocyte?
A)	neutrophil
B)	monocyte
C)	basophil
D)	eosinophil
A

Monocyte

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6
Q 
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in red blood cell count?
A)	polycythemia
B)	anemia
C)	leukemia
D)	porphyria
A

Polycythemia

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7
Q 
Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12?
A)	aplastic anemia
B)	pernicious anemia
C)	hemolytic anemia
D)	hemorrhagic anemia
A

Pernicious Anemia

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8
Q

Which cells are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes?

A

Neutrophils

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9
Q

Which cells are the rarest leukocytes?

A

Basophils

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10
Q

Which organ has the greatest role in synthesizing most blood nutrients?

A

Liver

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11
Q 
Which of these is mainly comprised of triglycerides?
A)	HDL
B)	LDL
C)	VLDL
D)	chylomicron
A

Chylomicron

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12
Q 
Which of these has the highest proportion of protein?
A)	chylomicron
B)	VLDL
C)	LDL
D)	HDL
A

HDL

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13
Q

Which lipoprotein has the highest percentage of cholesterol?

A

LDL

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14
Q

During protein catabolism, _____ is produced as an end product by the liver.

A

Urea

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15
Q

Which factor promotes the appearance of the platelet plug?

A

Collagen

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16
Q

The precursor of all lines of blood cells is the _______________.

A

Hemocytoblast

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17
Q

When red blood cells are worn out, part of their components are recycled while others are disposed. Select the incorrect statement about destruction of red blood cells.
A) The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow.
B) Iron is carried to the bone marrow by a protein called transferrin.
C) Biliverdin and bilirubin impart color to bile.
D) Macrophages in the liver and spleen destroy worn out red blood cells.

A

The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow.

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18
Q

Which dietary component(s) is/are needed for DNA synthesis, and thus greatly influence the production of red blood cells?

A

Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid

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19
Q

The type of anemia that is fairly common and caused by insufficient dietary iron is ______________.

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

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20
Q

The type of white blood cell that is often the first to arrive at the site of infection is a granulocyte and contains granules that stains light purple is a _______________.

A

Neutrophil

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21
Q

Which cell has no nucleus when it is mature?

A

Erythrocyte

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22
Q 
Which of these factors will increase the RBC or RCC?
A)	exercise
B)	dieting
C)	low body temperature
D)	decreased altitudes
A

Exercise

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23
Q 
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?
A)	heme
B)	globin
C)	bilirubin
D)	biliverdin
A

Globin

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24
Q 
Which of these is the earliest of this cell line?
A)	reticulocyte
B)	erythrocyte
C)	erythroblast
D)	hemocytoblast
A

Hemocytoblast

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25
Q

Red blood cells live around _____ before they disintegrate.

A

120 days

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26
Q

Which organ has a primary role in stimulating blood cell formation?

A

Kidney

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27
Q 
Which of the following is not a site of red blood cell production in the fetus?
A)	bone marrow
B)	kidney
C)	liver
D)	spleen
A

Kidney

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28
Q 
Which of the following is a young platelet?
A)	progranulocyte
B)	basophilic band cell
C)	monoblast
D)	megakaryoblast
A

Megakaryoblast

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29
Q 
Which of these did NOT develop from a myeloblast?
A)	basophil
B)	monocyte
C)	eosinophil
D)	neutrophil
A

Monocyte

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30
Q 
Which of the following is least essential for erythrocyte development?
A)	vitamin B12
B)	vitamin B6
C)	folic acid
D)	gastric intrinsic factor
A

Vitamin B6

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31
Q

Which white blood cells are the most common?

A

Neutrophils

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32
Q

Which leukocytes are the largest in the peripheral blood?

A

Monocytes

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33
Q

Which leukocyte does NOT have phagocytic properties?

A

Lymphocyte

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34
Q

The condition called _____ is evidenced by a DIFF over 10,000 per cubic mm of whole blood.

A

Leukocytosis

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35
Q 
Which of the following is a probable cause of leukocytosis?
A)	mumps
B)	chickenpox
C)	influenza
D)	appendicitis
A

Appendicitis

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36
Q

The ability called _____ explains how a white blood cell could be found in the urine.

A

Diapedesis

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37
Q

The _____ cells are actively involved with allergies.

A

Eosinophil

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38
Q

The _____ cells are the usual sources of heparin.

A

Basophil

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39
Q

Which cells release antibodies into the circulation?

A

Lymphocytes

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40
Q

What is the most common cancerous condition in children?

A

Acute Lymphoid Leukemia

41
Q

Megakaryocytes will differentiate into _____.

A

Platelets

42
Q

What is a normal platelet count?

A

200,000 per cubic mm

43
Q

Which components of whole blood account for clotting?

A

Platelets

44
Q

Which components are the source of serotonin which causes smooth muscle cells to contract?

A

Platelets

45
Q

What is the most common component in the plasma?

A

Water

46
Q

How much of the plasma is protein?

A

7%

47
Q

Which is the most abundant of the plasma proteins?

A

Albumin

48
Q

What is the most significant factor that helps maintain blood osmotic pressure?

A

Albumin

49
Q

Which molecules are the sources of most antibodies?

A

Gamma Globulin

50
Q

Which mineral is essential for coagulation to occur?

A

Ca2+

51
Q

Which chemical initiates the extrinsic phase of clotting?

A

Thromboplastin

52
Q 
Which of the following is NOT always present in the blood?
A)	prothrombin
B)	fibrinogen
C)	calcium
D)	thrombin
A

Thrombin

53
Q

What converts fibrinogen to fibrin?

A

Thrombin

54
Q

Which is the last molecule to appear in a clotting reaction?

A

Fibrin

55
Q 
Which of these can dissolve a blood clot?
A)	heparin
B)	plasminogen
C)	plasmin
D)	PDGF
A

Plasmin

56
Q 
Which of these is a procoagulant?
A)	heparin
B)	antithrombin
C)	vitamin K
D)	prostacyclin
A

Vitamin K

57
Q

Which is the rarest ABO blood type?

A

AB

58
Q

Who is at risk for developing a fatal Rh incompatibility?

A

Second Rh+ fetus of Rh- mother

59
Q

Select the statement about red blood cells that is incorrect.
A) Mature red blood cells lack nuclei.
B) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin.
C) Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen.
D) Red blood cells lack mitochondria.

A

Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen

60
Q

The largest cells in the blood that leave the bloodstream to become macrophages are the _______________.

A

Monocytes

61
Q

A person with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophils, is most likely suffering from ____________.

A

Allergies or Internal Parasites

62
Q

An acute infection would show up in a blood count as ______________.

A

Leukocytosis

63
Q

Which plasma proteins help transport lipids in the bloodstream?

A

Alpha and Beta Globulins

64
Q

Sedentary people with elevated triglyceride levels who continue to eat fatty foods are likely to have high levels of ____________ in their bloodstream.

A

Very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL)

65
Q

Choose the correct order for the steps of hemostasis.
A) blood coagulation, platelet plug formation, blood vessel spasm
B) platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, blood vessel spasm
C) blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
D) blood vessel spasm, blood coagulation, platelet plug formation

A

Blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation

66
Q

Which clotting factor is released from damaged tissue, and initiates a chain of clotting events?

A

Tissue Thromboplastin

67
Q

Which blood cell can be described as being a biconcave disc?

A

Erythrocyte

68
Q 
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?
A)	erythrocyte
B)	serum
C)	leukocyte
D)	platelet
A

Serum

69
Q 
Which of the following directly defines the transportation of oxygen?
A)	hemoglobin
B)	oxyhemoglobin
C)	reduced hemoglobin
D)	red cell count
A

Oxyhemoglobin

70
Q

Red blood cells survive around _____ days.

A

120 days

71
Q 
Which of the following indicates a normal white blood cell count?
A)	1 million per mm3
B)	15,000 per cm3
C)	10,000 per mm3
D)	3,000 per mm3
A

10,000 per mm3

72
Q 
Which of these cell types should NOT be grouped with the others?
A)	neutrophil
B)	lymphocyte
C)	eosinophil
D)	basophil
A

Lymphocyte

73
Q

Which type of condition is directly related to bone marrow suppression?

A

Aplastic Anemia

74
Q

Pregnancy requires the addition of supplements containing iron to support the increase in vasculature and oxygen demand. T/F?

A

True

75
Q

It is possible to have anemia even when the erythrocyte count is above normal. T/F?

A

True

76
Q

All leukocytes usually live from 7 to 21 days. T/F?

A

False

77
Q

Lymphocytes contain lysosomes, which actively decompose bacteria they engulf. T/F?

A

False

78
Q

The red color in inflammation is partially explained by the ability of erythrocytes to secrete histamines. T/F?

A

False

79
Q

Pus contains living as well as dead leukocytes that were summoned to the area by positive chemotaxis. T/F?

A

True

80
Q

Thrombocytopenia or an increased tendency to bleed is a common consequence of leukemia. T/F?

A

True

81
Q

Leukemic cells can be found within the brain or lungs. T/F?

A

True

82
Q

A drop in osmotic pressure with resulting edema can be caused by a poor diet or liver disease. T/F?

A

True

83
Q

High density lipoproteins have relatively more lipids than proteins. T/F?

A

False

84
Q

Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic condition which is characterized by high plasma LDL and increased risk of heart attack. T/F?

A

True

85
Q

Excessive amounts of creatinine in the blood could result from muscle or kidney disorders. T/F?

A

True

86
Q

Vessel spasm can be an effective method of hemostasis. T/F?

A

True

87
Q

Damage to tissues initiates the intrinsic phase of clotting. T/F?

A

False

88
Q

Bleeding is a symptom of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). T/F?

A

True

89
Q

Serum is the liquid portion of the blood that cannot clot. T/F?

A

True

90
Q

Streptokinase and urokinase are used to directly dissolve a thrombus that has moved into the lung. T/F?

A

False

91
Q

Persons with type A agglutinogen will have anti-B agglutinin in their blood also. T/F?

A

True

92
Q

Plasma is about 45% of the total blood volume. T/F?

A

False

93
Q

Males have more red blood cells than females. T/F?

A

True

94
Q

Cyanosis is the blue color of white skin caused by the presence of oxyhemoglobin. T/F?

A

False

95
Q

Sickle cell anemia is identified by the presence of abnormally shaped red blood cells. T/F?

A

False

96
Q

All white blood cells retain their nucleus throughout the life of the cell. T/F?

A

True

97
Q

Monocytes become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter the tissue spaces. T/F?

A

True

98
Q

It is more likely to find the smaller red blood cells in a urine specimen than the larger leukocytes. T/F?

A

False

99
Q

Patients with leukemia often suffer clotting abnormalities and internal bleeding. T/F?

A

True

Physiology & Anatomy (19 decks)

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