Chapter 10 Test Questions Flashcards
1
Q
The _____ of a neuron carries the impulse towards the nucleus.
A
Dendrite
2
Q
Which part of a neuron is directly involved with protein synthesis?
A
Nissi Body
3
Q
Which part of a neuron comes in close proximity to another neuron at the synapse?
A
Synaptic Knob
4
Q
The phagocytic cells in the CNS are the _____.
A
Microglia
5
Q
The following belong together except which one? A) multipolar B) motor C) sensory D) efferent
A
Sensory
6
Q
The following belong together except which one? A) interneuron B) intercalated disk C) association neuron D) sensory neuron
A
Sensory Neuron
7
Q
The nucleus of a sensory neuron can be found within the _____.
A
Ganglia
8
Q
Gross nerves that contain sensory impulses are referred to as _____.
A
Afferent
9
Q
The PNS is comprised of cranial nerves and _____.
A
Spinal Nerves
10
Q
The cells that conduct messages towards the brain are the _____.
A
Sensory Neurons
11
Q
Which of these cells does NOT belong with the others? A) microglia B) neuron C) astrocyte D) oligodendrocyte
A
Neuron
12
Q
The _____ cells are capable of removing a blood clot from the brain.
A
Microglia
13
Q
Which of these is true when a neuron is at rest? A) the outside is positive B) the outside is negative C) there is no voltage D) the inside is positive
A
The outside is positive
14
Q
The _____ cells provide a means of acquiring nutrients in the brain.
A
Astrocyte
15
Q
The resting potential of a neuron is _____ mv.
A
-70
16
Q
Saltatory conduction occurs when an impulse jumps from _____.
A
Node to Node
17
Q
Acetylcholine is decomposed by _____ almost as fast as it is released.
A
Acetylcholinesterase
18
Q
The following belong together except which one? A) norepinephrine B) acetylcholine C) epinephrine D) adrenalin
A
Acetylcholine
19
Q
A morphine-like pain suppressing brain substance is _____.
A
Beta-Endorphin
20
Q
A change in a dendrite which lessens the probability of a conduction is the _____.
A
IPSP
21
Q
A drug, which prevents over-stimulation by the PNS neurons, is _____.
A
Curare
22
Q
Which of the following does not belong with the rest? A) summation B) facilitation C) divergence D) convergence
A
Divergence
23
Q
Which type of short neuron is found in the retina?
A
Bipolar
24
Q
Collaterals are fibers arising from the _____ of neurons.
A
Axon
25
Nerves that carry impulses from the heart to the brain could be classed as _____ fibers.
Visceral Afferent
26
The cells that produce myelin in the PNS are the _____.
Schwann Cells
27
```
The following could be grouped together except which one?
A) association
B) motor
C) internucial
D) interneuron
```
Motor
28
The _____ cells play a role in the establishment of a blood-brain chemical barrier.
Astrocyte
29
Branched nerve fibers that convey local potential changes toward the cell body of a neuron are called _____.
Dendrites
30
Myelin sheaths on the outsides of many axons in the PNS are contributed by _____.
Schwann Cells
31
A neuron with many nerve fibers arising from its cell body and that carries impulses away from the brain would be classified as _____.
Multipolar and Motor
32
Which types of neurons are likely to increase muscular activities?
Excitatory Neurons
33
The _____ are the types of neuroglial cells that provide myelin in the CNS.
Oligodendrocytes
34
Cut neurons in the PNS possess limited capabilities for regeneration. The type of neuroglial cell that aids regeneration by forming a regeneration tube to help reestablish the former connection is the _____.
Schwann Cell
35
At resting potential, the ion distribution inside and outside of a neuron is such that _____ ions are most abundant on the outside of the cell, while _____ ions are most abundant on the inside of the cell.
Sodium ; Potassium
36
In response to a stimulus, if the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential = we say the membrane is _____.
Hyperpolarized
37
When a neuron reaches action potential, it depolarizes and repolarizes in an amount of time on the order of _____.
Milliseconds (focus on Milli)
38
Select the incorrect statement about nerve impulse conduction.
A) Saltatory conduction involves Schwann cells and occurs at greater speed than on unmyelinated fibers.
B) Nerve impulses occur in an all-or-none manner.
C) The neuron cannot be stimulated during the absolute refractory period.
D) The strength of impulses carried along a single axon can vary with the strength of the initiating stimulus.
D. The strength of impulses carried along a single axon can vary with the strength of the initiating stimulus.
39
Excessive sleeping is most likely due to the presence of too much of which neurotransmitter?
Serotonin
40
Myasthenia Gravis reflects a deficiency in communication by _____ because receptors for this neurotransmitter have been destroyed.
Acetylcholine
41
Fibers that originate from different parts of the nervous system and lead to the same neuron are exhibiting _____.
Convergence
42
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Which term does NOT belong with the others?
A) brain
B) spinal cord
C) CNS
D) spinal nerve
```
Spinal Nerve
43
Norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are classed as monoamine neurotransmitters. T/F?
True
44
Food additives, such as MSG (monosodium glutamate) derived from glutamic acid, could act as neurotransmitters. T/F?
True
45
Neurotransmitters are usually released into the synaptic vesicles during depolarization. T/F?
False
46
Subthreshold stimuli can never evoke an action potential. T/F?
False
47
Convergence is a way of amplifying a stimulus through a neuronal pool. T/F?
False
48
An effector is usually a muscle or motor nerve. T/F?
False
49
Motor neurons usually have one axon and several dendrites. T/F?
True
50
Nervous tissue includes areas of connective tissue. T/F?
True
51
Somatic afferent fibers would carry sensory impulses away from the brain, towards areas such as the eye. T/F?
False
52
Most brain tumors arise from neuroglial cell overgrowth. T/F?
True
53
A damaged CNS nerve could not regenerate as easily as a PNS fiber. T/F?
True
54
Gray matter most significantly contains cell bodies and dendrites. T/F?
Flase
55
The ion that always moves in a membrane direction opposite to sodium is k+.
True
56
Drugs that hyperpolarize an axon would make the nerve less sensitive to stimulation. T/F?
True
57
Calcium channels open during synaptic transmission. T/F?
True
58
Having myelin increases the velocity of conduction. T/F?
True
59
The action potential is around -70mv. T/F?
False
60
The all-or-none response means that a subthreshold stimulus can never stimulate a nerve. T/F?
False
61
Sodium moves out of an axon as it is depolarizing. T/F?
False
62
Local potential changes are graded. T/F?
True
63
A damaged phrenic nerve would heal more slowly than a severed spinal nerve. T/F?
False
64
Oligodendrocytes can be found within the brain. T/F?
True
65
Vesicles are intracellular accumulation of neurotransmitter. T/F?
True
66
Motor neurons receive impulses from the muscles in order to regulate glandular secretions. T/F?
False
67
The nucleus of a neuron is always located within the cell body region. T/F?
True
68
All neurons have at least one dendrite but one or more axons. T/F?
False
69
Motor neurons usually have a more complex structure than sensory neurons. T/F?
True
70
Only axons are capable of conducting action potentials. T/F?
True
71
The oligodendrocytes are capable of producing the myelin sheath that will wrap around a spinal nerve. T/F?
False
72
The node of Ranvier function is slowing the conduction of the impulse. T/F?
False
73
The enzyme acetylcholinesterase acts to keep the signal duration short between certain neurons or between neurons and skeletal muscle fibers. T/F?
True
