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Physiology & Anatomy > Chapter 10 Test Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Test Questions Flashcards

1
Q

The _____ of a neuron carries the impulse towards the nucleus.

A

Dendrite

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2
Q

Which part of a neuron is directly involved with protein synthesis?

A

Nissi Body

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3
Q

Which part of a neuron comes in close proximity to another neuron at the synapse?

A

Synaptic Knob

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4
Q

The phagocytic cells in the CNS are the _____.

A

Microglia

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5
Q 
The following belong together except which one?
A) multipolar
B) motor
C) sensory
D) efferent
A

Sensory

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6
Q 
The following belong together except which one?
A) interneuron
B) intercalated disk
C) association neuron
D) sensory neuron
A

Sensory Neuron

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7
Q

The nucleus of a sensory neuron can be found within the _____.

A

Ganglia

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8
Q

Gross nerves that contain sensory impulses are referred to as _____.

A

Afferent

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9
Q

The PNS is comprised of cranial nerves and _____.

A

Spinal Nerves

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10
Q

The cells that conduct messages towards the brain are the _____.

A

Sensory Neurons

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11
Q 
Which of these cells does NOT belong with the others?
A) microglia
B) neuron
C) astrocyte
D) oligodendrocyte
A

Neuron

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12
Q

The _____ cells are capable of removing a blood clot from the brain.

A

Microglia

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13
Q 
Which of these is true when a neuron is at rest?
A) the outside is positive
B) the outside is negative
C) there is no voltage
D) the inside is positive
A

The outside is positive

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14
Q

The _____ cells provide a means of acquiring nutrients in the brain.

A

Astrocyte

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15
Q

The resting potential of a neuron is _____ mv.

A

-70

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16
Q

Saltatory conduction occurs when an impulse jumps from _____.

A

Node to Node

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17
Q

Acetylcholine is decomposed by _____ almost as fast as it is released.

A

Acetylcholinesterase

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18
Q 
The following belong together except which one?
A) norepinephrine
B) acetylcholine
C) epinephrine 
D) adrenalin
A

Acetylcholine

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19
Q

A morphine-like pain suppressing brain substance is _____.

A

Beta-Endorphin

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20
Q

A change in a dendrite which lessens the probability of a conduction is the _____.

A

IPSP

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21
Q

A drug, which prevents over-stimulation by the PNS neurons, is _____.

A

Curare

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22
Q 
Which of the following does not belong with the rest?
A) summation
B) facilitation
C) divergence
D) convergence
A

Divergence

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23
Q

Which type of short neuron is found in the retina?

A

Bipolar

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24
Q

Collaterals are fibers arising from the _____ of neurons.

A

Axon

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25
Q

Nerves that carry impulses from the heart to the brain could be classed as _____ fibers.

A

Visceral Afferent

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26
Q

The cells that produce myelin in the PNS are the _____.

A

Schwann Cells

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27
Q 
The following could be grouped together except which one?
A) association
B) motor
C) internucial
D) interneuron
A

Motor

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28
Q

The _____ cells play a role in the establishment of a blood-brain chemical barrier.

A

Astrocyte

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29
Q

Branched nerve fibers that convey local potential changes toward the cell body of a neuron are called _____.

A

Dendrites

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30
Q

Myelin sheaths on the outsides of many axons in the PNS are contributed by _____.

A

Schwann Cells

31
Q

A neuron with many nerve fibers arising from its cell body and that carries impulses away from the brain would be classified as _____.

A

Multipolar and Motor

32
Q

Which types of neurons are likely to increase muscular activities?

A

Excitatory Neurons

33
Q

The _____ are the types of neuroglial cells that provide myelin in the CNS.

A

Oligodendrocytes

34
Q

Cut neurons in the PNS possess limited capabilities for regeneration. The type of neuroglial cell that aids regeneration by forming a regeneration tube to help reestablish the former connection is the _____.

A

Schwann Cell

35
Q

At resting potential, the ion distribution inside and outside of a neuron is such that _____ ions are most abundant on the outside of the cell, while _____ ions are most abundant on the inside of the cell.

A

Sodium ; Potassium

36
Q

In response to a stimulus, if the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential = we say the membrane is _____.

A

Hyperpolarized

37
Q

When a neuron reaches action potential, it depolarizes and repolarizes in an amount of time on the order of _____.

A

Milliseconds (focus on Milli)

38
Q

Select the incorrect statement about nerve impulse conduction.

A) Saltatory conduction involves Schwann cells and occurs at greater speed than on unmyelinated fibers.

B) Nerve impulses occur in an all-or-none manner.

C) The neuron cannot be stimulated during the absolute refractory period.

D) The strength of impulses carried along a single axon can vary with the strength of the initiating stimulus.

A

D. The strength of impulses carried along a single axon can vary with the strength of the initiating stimulus.

39
Q

Excessive sleeping is most likely due to the presence of too much of which neurotransmitter?

A

Serotonin

40
Q

Myasthenia Gravis reflects a deficiency in communication by _____ because receptors for this neurotransmitter have been destroyed.

A

Acetylcholine

41
Q

Fibers that originate from different parts of the nervous system and lead to the same neuron are exhibiting _____.

A

Convergence

42
Q 
Which term does NOT belong with the others?
A) brain
B) spinal cord
C) CNS
D) spinal nerve
A

Spinal Nerve

43
Q

Norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are classed as monoamine neurotransmitters. T/F?

A

True

44
Q

Food additives, such as MSG (monosodium glutamate) derived from glutamic acid, could act as neurotransmitters. T/F?

A

True

45
Q

Neurotransmitters are usually released into the synaptic vesicles during depolarization. T/F?

A

False

46
Q

Subthreshold stimuli can never evoke an action potential. T/F?

A

False

47
Q

Convergence is a way of amplifying a stimulus through a neuronal pool. T/F?

A

False

48
Q

An effector is usually a muscle or motor nerve. T/F?

A

False

49
Q

Motor neurons usually have one axon and several dendrites. T/F?

A

True

50
Q

Nervous tissue includes areas of connective tissue. T/F?

A

True

51
Q

Somatic afferent fibers would carry sensory impulses away from the brain, towards areas such as the eye. T/F?

A

False

52
Q

Most brain tumors arise from neuroglial cell overgrowth. T/F?

A

True

53
Q

A damaged CNS nerve could not regenerate as easily as a PNS fiber. T/F?

A

True

54
Q

Gray matter most significantly contains cell bodies and dendrites. T/F?

A

Flase

55
Q

The ion that always moves in a membrane direction opposite to sodium is k+.

A

True

56
Q

Drugs that hyperpolarize an axon would make the nerve less sensitive to stimulation. T/F?

A

True

57
Q

Calcium channels open during synaptic transmission. T/F?

A

True

58
Q

Having myelin increases the velocity of conduction. T/F?

A

True

59
Q

The action potential is around -70mv. T/F?

A

False

60
Q

The all-or-none response means that a subthreshold stimulus can never stimulate a nerve. T/F?

A

False

61
Q

Sodium moves out of an axon as it is depolarizing. T/F?

A

False

62
Q

Local potential changes are graded. T/F?

A

True

63
Q

A damaged phrenic nerve would heal more slowly than a severed spinal nerve. T/F?

A

False

64
Q

Oligodendrocytes can be found within the brain. T/F?

A

True

65
Q

Vesicles are intracellular accumulation of neurotransmitter. T/F?

A

True

66
Q

Motor neurons receive impulses from the muscles in order to regulate glandular secretions. T/F?

A

False

67
Q

The nucleus of a neuron is always located within the cell body region. T/F?

A

True

68
Q

All neurons have at least one dendrite but one or more axons. T/F?

A

False

69
Q

Motor neurons usually have a more complex structure than sensory neurons. T/F?

A

True

70
Q

Only axons are capable of conducting action potentials. T/F?

A

True

71
Q

The oligodendrocytes are capable of producing the myelin sheath that will wrap around a spinal nerve. T/F?

A

False

72
Q

The node of Ranvier function is slowing the conduction of the impulse. T/F?

A

False

73
Q

The enzyme acetylcholinesterase acts to keep the signal duration short between certain neurons or between neurons and skeletal muscle fibers. T/F?

A

True

Physiology & Anatomy (19 decks)

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