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A&P > Chapter 14 Brain > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Brain Flashcards

1
Q

tracts that run from the right to the left side of the brain are called

A

commissural tracts

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2
Q

tracts that run from the cerebrum to the pons would be called

A

projection

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3
Q

a major part of the brain that controls intellect, movement as well as sensation

A

cerebrum

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4
Q

large cleft between the right and left cerebral hemispheres

A

longitudinal fissure

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5
Q

crevice found between the frontal and parietal lobes of the cerebrum

A

central sulcus

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6
Q

capillary network that makes cerebrospinal fluid

A

choroid plexus

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7
Q

type of neuroglial cell that lines the third ventricle

A

ependyma

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8
Q

name the brain ventricle that is paired (two of them)

A

lateral ventricles

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9
Q

name the ventricle that is flanked on either side by the thalamus

A

third

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10
Q

name the connection between the third and fourth ventricle

A

cerebral aqueduct

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11
Q

name the layer of meninges that is partially fused to the cranium

A

dura mater

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12
Q

name the deepest layer of the brain meninges

A

pia mater

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13
Q

name the blood vessel that is found in the longitudinal fissure

A

superior sagittal sinus

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14
Q

name the dense connective tissue fold found in the longitudinal fissure that helps maintain position of the brain

A

falx cerebri

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15
Q

name the meningeal layer made of dense fibrous connective tissue

A

dura mater

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16
Q

name the meningeal space where the CSF is found

A

subarachnoid space

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17
Q

what is the name for the tree-like extensions of the arachnoid that protrude into the superior sagittal sinus

A

arachnoid villi

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18
Q

what is found inside of the superior sagittal sinus

A

blood

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19
Q

what is the term for the outer gray matter “rim” that can be seen on the edge of the cerebrum

A

cortex

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20
Q

what is found in the cerebral cortex

A

neuron cell bodies

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21
Q

in which lobe of the brain is the primary visual cortex found

A

occipital

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22
Q

lobe of the brain where the primary auditory cortex is found

A

temporal

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23
Q

the wormy folds seen on the surface of the cerebrum are called

A

gyri

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24
Q

primary motor cortex is found in this gyrus

A

precentral

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25
Q

where the primary somatosensory cortex is found in the cerebrum

A

postcentral gyrus

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26
Q

the term for groups of neuron cell bodies in the CNS

A

nucleus

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27
Q

part of the cerebrum that functions in controlling semi-automatic movements and patterns of movement

A

basal nuclei

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28
Q

major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the basal nuclei produced by the substantia nigra

A

dopamine

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29
Q

name for the caricature of the body as seen on the pre- and postcentral gyrus

A

homunculus

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30
Q

most superior part of the brain stem

A

mesencephalon (midbrain)

31
Q

part of the diencephalon where sensory impulses synapse before reaching the cerebral cortex

A

thalamus

32
Q

name for the system of the brain that includes structures involved in motivation, learning, and emotions

A

limbic system

33
Q

part of the limbic system important in learning (long-term memory)

A

hippocampus

34
Q

tract superior to the thalamus that connects structures of the limbic system

A

fornix

35
Q

major functions of the cerebellum

A

coordination and equilibrium

36
Q

structure that connects the left and right cerebellar hemispheres

A

vermis

37
Q

tree-like white matter structure seen in mid-sagittal section of the cerebellum

A

arbor vitae

38
Q

part of the diencephalon that controls appetite and thirst

A

hypothalamus

39
Q

part of the diencephalon that controls the pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

40
Q

part of the brain that makes melatonin

A

epithalamus

41
Q

part of the diencephalon that plays a role in smell

A

hypothalamus

42
Q

the structure that “connects” the right and left thalami through the third ventricle of the brain

A

intermediate mass

43
Q

the mamillary bodies are part of this major part of the diencephalon

A

hypothalamus

44
Q

part of the brain that inhibits the basal nuclei by synthesizing dopamine

A

substantia nigra

45
Q

the part of the mesencephalon that is responsible for movement of the head to sound

A

inferior colliculi

46
Q

name for the four structures called the inferior and superior colliculi

A

corpora quadrigemina

47
Q

structures located on the anterior side of the mesencephalon that contain descending motor pyramidal tracts

A

cerebral peduncles

48
Q

part of the mesencephalon that controls the movement of the head (and eyes) towards light

A

superior colliculi

49
Q

part of the brain stem where the substantia nigra is located

A

mesencephalon (midbrain)

50
Q

part of the brain stem that contains the cerebral aqueduct

A

mesencephalon (midbrain)

51
Q

structures that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem and contain tracts

A

cerebellar peduncles

52
Q

major part of the brain that contains the reticular formation

A

brain stem

53
Q

where the reticular activating center is located in the brain stem

A

mesencephalon (midbrain)

54
Q

neurotransmitters found in the reticular activating center

A

serotonin, norepinephrine

55
Q

the vital center located in the pons

A

respiratory

56
Q

location in the brain stem where the vasomotor center is found

A

medulla oblongata

57
Q

location in the brain stem where the center for sneezing is found

A

medulla oblongata

58
Q

sensory cranial nerve responsible for hearing

A

VIII, vestibulocochlear

59
Q

motor cranial nerve that supplies the lateral rectus muscle of the eye

A

VI, abducens

60
Q

cranial nerve that allows you to elevate your shoulders

A

XI, accessory

61
Q

cranial nerve that innervates the masseter muscle

A

trigeminal

62
Q

cranial nerve that supplies most of the extrinsic eye muscles

A

oculomotor

63
Q

cranial nerve that innervates the constrictor pupillae muscle

A

oculomotor

64
Q

cranial nerve that innervates the lacrimal gland

A

VII, facial

65
Q

cranial nerve that can slow down heart rate

A

X, vagus

66
Q

cranial nerve that increases the motility of the stomach

A

X, vagus

67
Q

cranial nerve carries impulses for the pain of a cold sore in your mouth

A

trigeminal

68
Q

cranial nerve that allows you to wiggle your tongue back and forth

A

XII, hypoglossal

69
Q

the superior sagittal sinus is actually this type of blood vessel

A

vein

70
Q

shape of the cells found in the precentral gyrus

A

pyramidal

71
Q

the part of the brain that initiates voluntary motor impulses

A

precentral gyrus

72
Q

these cranial nerves reach the brain through the cribriform plate

A

I, olfactory

73
Q

two major cranial nerves involved in the coordination of muscles for swallowing

A

glossopharyngeal and vagus

A&P (16 decks)

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