Chapter 14: Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

operates subconsciously

Answer 1

Autonomic nervous system

Question 2

cell body in CNS, thin and lightly-myelinated preganglionic axon

Answer 2

Preganglionic neuron

Question 3

outside CNS, cell body synapses preganglionic axon in automatic ganglion with a nonmyelinated postganglionic axon that extends to the effector organ

Answer 3

postganglionic neuron

Question 4

the somatic nervous system releases ______

Answer 4

acetylcholine ACh

Question 5

keeps body energy use as low as possible

Answer 5

role of the parasympathetic division (rest and digest)

Question 6

mobilizes body during activity

Answer 6

role of the sympathetic division (fight or flight)

Question 7

parasympathetic fibers located in brain and sacral spinal cord

Answer 7

craniosacral

Question 8

sympathetic fibers located in thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

Answer 8

thoracolumbar

Question 9

which of the two fibers has long preganglionic and short postganglionic

Answer 9

Parasympathetic

Question 10

which of the two fibers has short preganglionic and long postganglionic

Answer 10

sympathetic

Question 11

which fiber lays near visceral effector organs

Answer 11

parasympathetic

Question 12

which fiber lays close to the spinal cord

Answer 12

sympathetc

Question 13

has some components at somatic reflex arc

receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, and effector

Answer 13

Visceral reflex arcs

Question 14

fibers that release ACh (preganglionic PS and S neurons and PS postganglionic neurons)

Answer 14

choligernic fibers

Question 15

fibers that release NE (sympathetic postganglionic neurons)

Answer 15

adrenergic fibers

Question 16

1 of the types of cholinergic receptor

in all postganglionic neurons

in hormone pricing cells of the adrenal medulla

sarcolemma of skeletal muscle cells at the neuromuscular junction

Answer 16

Nicotine receptors

Question 17

1 of the types of cholinergic receptor

in all effector cells stimulated by postganglionic cholinergic fibers

can inhibitory or excitatory

Answer 17

muscarinic receptors

Question 18

2 major classes that respond to NE or epinephrine

alpha and bet receptors

Answer 18

Adrenergic receptors

Question 19

thermoregulatory responses to heat

release of renin from kidneys

metabolic effect

Answer 19

unique roles of sympathetic division

Question 20

overactive sympathetic vasoconstrictor response to stress

the heart must work harder and artery walls are subject to increased wear and tear

can be treated with adrenergic receptor blocking drugs

Answer 20

hypertension (high blood pressure)