Chapter 13.2 Social Influence

Question 1

Conformity

Answer 1

tendency altering behavior as a result of group pressure. Low self esteem more likely to conform. Asian cultures more likely no sex differences. Size of group to 5-6 persons, lower conformity if only one person differed from the majority, Unanimity increased conformity

Question 2

Deindividuation

Answer 2

tendency of people to engage in uncharacteristic behavior when they are stripped their usual identities. Flaming online. Wearing masks etc Stanford Prison Study, events on Abu Ghraib in Iraq (dehumanization)

Question 3

Groupthink

Answer 3

emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking. overconfident decisions. racial and cultural differences is reducing

Question 4

Groupthink in real life

Answer 4

Bay of Pigs, Challenger explosion

Question 5

Ways to reduce groupthink

Answer 5

adding devils advocate in groups, having independent expert, holding follow up meetings

Question 6

Group polarization

Answer 6

tendency of group discussion to strengthen the dominant positions held by individual group members. It can cause views to become more extreme.

Question 7

Cult

Answer 7

Group individuals who exhibit intense an unquestioning devotion to a single individual or cause. Groupthink leads to it

Question 8

Four major ways that cults promote groupthink

Answer 8

having a persuasive leader, disconnecting group members from outside world, discouraging questioning, establishing training practices

Question 9

Inoculation effect

Answer 9

approach to convincing people to change their minds first introducing reasons why the perspective might be correct then debunking them. Its similar to vaccine in med

Question 10

Obedience

Answer 10

Adherence to instructions from those of higher authority. Stop lights, parking signs, no smoking signs in our daily life. Stanley Milgram Study with electroshocking