Chapter 1.3 Scientific Thinking

Question 1

Scientific skepticism

Answer 1

Approach of evaluating all claims with an open mind but insisting on persuasive evidince before accepting them

Question 2

Critical thinking

Answer 2

set of skills for evaluating all claims is an open minded and careful fashion

Question 3

Ruling out rival hypothesis

Answer 3

have important alternative explanations for the findings been excluded?

Question 4

correlation vs causation fallacy

Answer 4

because one thing is associated with another it must be cause the other

Question 5

Falsifiability

Answer 5

Can claim be disproved?

Question 6

Replicability

Answer 6

Can results be duplicated in other studies? when a study findings are able to be duplicated , ideally by independent investigators

Question 7

Decline effect:

Answer 7

certain psychological findings appears to be shrinking over time

Question 8

Extraordinary Claims:

Answer 8

Is the evidince strong as the claim

Question 9

Occams razor

Answer 9

does a simpler explanation fit the data just as well?