Chapter 13 Flashcards
Mesoamerica
is a region in Mexico and parts of Central America whose ancestral indigenous inhabitants shared a number of cultural traits
- a complex calendar
- Emphasis on bloodletting
- A ball game played on a special court
Urbnism and social complexity
- Teotihuacan
- Maya cities
- Aztec Empire
Olmec sites
earliest complex society on Mesoamerica is found along the Gulf Coast of Mexico
Major ceremonial centers
between 1200 B.C. and 300 B.C. Olmec peoples constructed a series in towns with populations in the thousands
Human heads
Olmec peoples developed a highly sophisticated artistic tradition that included monumental sculptures carved out of volcanic rock
colossal heads
possibly depict leaders and could represent competition in a ball game due to their helmet-like head covering
Clay sculptures of infants with adult heads
are often found on Olmec sites and could represnet leaders of deities
La Venta
16 male figures carved from jade and serpentine were found and possibly representing a town council
Monte Alban
in Oaxaca Valley in the Mexican highlands is the first city and thus, the oldest city in Mesoamerica
Central plaza
the population grew from 5,000-17,000 between the period of 500 B.C. and 350 B.C. and came to consist of neighborhoods
Teotihuacan
starting 2,000 years ago, grew into an enormous city covering 20 sq km (12.42 sp miles) with a population of over 80,000
Valley of Mexico
site is 2,169 meters (7,282 Feet) about sea level in the highlands, which is a rich agricultural area dotted by lakes
Teotihuacan
was laid out along a road known as the Avenue of the Dead, which stretches 5 km and enters the city from the south
The line up of three great mounments
Avenue of the Dead
Pyramid of the Sun
Pyramid of the Moon
Pyramid of the Sun
is the largest monument and has a cave that runs below it (contents in the cave have long been looted)