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General Psychology > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

psychological disorder

A

ongoing patterns of thoughts feelings, and actions that are deviant, distressful, dysfunctional

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2
Q

medical model

A

the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured, often via hospital treatment

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3
Q

anxiety disorders

A

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

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4
Q

(anxiety disorders)

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

a person is unexplainably and continually tense and uneasy

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5
Q

(anxiety disorders)

panic disorder

A

a person experiences sudden episodes of intense dread

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6
Q

(anxiety disorders)

phobias

A

a person feels irrationally and intensely afraid of a specific object or situation

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7
Q

(anxiety disorders)

obsessive compulsive disorders

A

a person is troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions

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8
Q

(anxiety disorders)

post traumatic stress disorder

A

a person has lingering memories, nightmares, and other symptoms for weeks after severely threatening, uncontrollable event

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9
Q

anxiety

A
  • a feeling and a cognition
  • two learning processes that contribute to anxiety:
    1. stimulus generalization
    2. reinforcement (sustains anxiety)
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10
Q

somatoform disorder

A

a psychological disorder characterized by symptoms that take somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause

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11
Q

(somatoform disorders)

conversion disorder

A

rare; a person who experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found

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12
Q

(somatoform disorders)

hypochondriasis

A

a person interprets normal physical sensations as a symptom of a disease

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13
Q

dissociative disorders

A

a psychological disorder characterized by the conscious awareness becoming separated from previous memories, thoughts and feelings

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14
Q

(dissociative disorders)

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

A

rare; a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities

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15
Q

mood disorders

A

a psychological disorder characterized by emotional extremeness

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16
Q

(mood disorders)

major depressive disorder

A

a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

17
Q

(mood disorders)

mania

A

mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

18
Q

(mood disorders)

bipolar disorder

A

a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

19
Q

mood disorders details

A
  • most major depressive episodes self-terminate
  • women more vulnerable to internalized state-disorders
  • men more vulnerable to externalized state-disorders
  • with each new generation, depression occurs earlier
20
Q

(mood disorders)

biological

A
  • depression: less brain activity; less norepinephrine and serotonin; hippocampus more vulnerable to stress-related damage
  • mania: norepinephrine abundant
21
Q

schizophrenia

A

a psychological disorder characterized by delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions and inappropriate emotions and actions

22
Q

(schizophrenia)

psychotic disorder

A

a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions

23
Q

(schizophrenia)

delusions

A

false beliefs, often persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders
(hallucinations)

24
Q

(schizophrenia)

subtypes

A

paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, residual

25
Q

(schizophrenia)

brain abnormalities

A
  • dopamine overactivity (excess receptors)

- shrinkage of cerebral tissue

26
Q

personality disorder

A

a psychological disorder characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

27
Q

(personality disorder)

antisocial personality disorder

A 
a person (usually male) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even towards friends and family (may be aggressive)
-reduced frontal lobe activity

General Psychology (13 decks)

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