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General Psychology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

emotions

A

focus our attention and energize our actions

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2
Q

three attributes of emotion

A
  1. physiological arousal (heart pounding)
  2. expressive behaviors (quickened pace)
  3. consciously experienced thoughts and feelings
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3
Q

James-Lange Theory

A

first physiological response, then experience emotion

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4
Q

Cannon-Bard theory

A

physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously
-emotion-triggering stimulus is routed separately but simultaneously to the brain’s cortex, causing the subjective awareness of emotion and to sympathetic nervous system

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5
Q

two-factor theory

schachter-singer

A

to experience emotions, one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal

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6
Q

sympathetic division of autonomic nervous system

A

directs adrenal glands to release the stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
-effects: provide energy (liver releases sugar in to bloodstream), respiration increases to increase O2 intake, increase HR, increase BP, energy directed towards muscles

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7
Q

parasympathetic division of autonomic nervous system

A

takes over, calms body

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8
Q

fear

A

brow muscles tense, amygdala

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9
Q

negative emotions

A

linked with the right hemisphere

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10
Q

depression

A

right frontal lobe

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11
Q

positive moods

A

left frontal lobe

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12
Q

spillover effect

A

the tendency of one person’s emotion to affect how other people around them feel

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13
Q

low road

A

pathway from eye/ear via the thalamus to the amygdala, bypassing the cortex (quick response)

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14
Q

high road

A

pathway goes to thalamus, sensory cortex, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, then fear response

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15
Q

gender and emotion

A
  • women read emotions better
  • women display greater emotional responsiveness
  • women are more open to feelings
  • women are more likely to express empathy
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16
Q

anger

A
  • catharsis: venting anger to achieve emotional release
  • anger primes prejudice
  • anger outbursts are temporarily calming; become a habit because it is reinforcing
17
Q

happiness

A

-happy people perceive the world as safer, feel more confident, make decisions more easily, live healthier lives

18
Q

(happiness)

feel-good, do-good phenomenon

A

people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood

19
Q

(happiness)

subjective well-being

A

self-perceived happiness/satisfaction with life

20
Q

adaptation-level phenomenon:

A

our tendency to form judgments relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience

21
Q

relative deprivation

A

the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves

22
Q

predictors of happiness

A

culture, heritability (genetic predispositions)

23
Q

stress

A

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events (stressors) that we appraise as threatening or challenging

24
Q

oxytocin

A

stress-moderating hormone

25
Q

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

A

Seyle’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases: alarm (mobilize resources), resistance (cope with stressor), exhaustion

26
Q

coronary heart disease

A

the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle

27
Q

type A

A

Friedman and Rosenmans term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive and anger-prone people

28
Q

type B

A

Friedman and Rosenmans term for easy-going, relaxed people

29
Q

psychological illness

A

mind-body illness; any stress-related physical illness (hypertension, some headaches)

30
Q

lymphocytes

A

suppressed by stress

-heal slower, greater vulnerability to infection

31
Q

problem-focused coping

A

attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor

32
Q

emotional-focused coping

A

attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding/ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one’s stress reactions

33
Q

managing stress

A

aerobic exercise, relaxation/meditation, spirituality and health

General Psychology (13 decks)

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