Chapter 13

Question 1

Which way does replication occur?

Answer 1

Bidirectionally

Question 2

Where does replication start?

Answer 2

At origin site

Question 3

Replication forks are sites where:

Answer 3

• parental ds DNA helix is unwinding
• nucleotides are incorporated into newly strands

Question 4

What can relieve supercoiling?

Answer 4

DNA gyrase

Question 5

Does DNA gyrase use ATP?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

How does DNA gyrase work?

Answer 6

It travels in front of the replication form, creating ds DNA breaks and sealing them

Question 7

What is the responsibility of DNA polymerase?

Answer 7

Synthesizing new DNA strands from DNA template

Question 8

Which direction does DNA polymerase occur in?

Answer 8

5 to 3

Question 9

What does DNA polymerase require?

Answer 9

A primer

Question 10

In semi discontinuous replication, which daughter strand are synthesized first?

Answer 10

They are simultaneously synthesized

Question 11

Leading strand synthesis:

Answer 11

Synthesized continuously

Question 12

Lagging strand synthesis:

Answer 12

Synthesized discontinuously

Question 13

What is the major enzyme responsible for DNA replication?

Answer 13

DNA Pol III

Question 14

What is a primase?

Answer 14

An RNA pol that assembles short RNA primers

Question 15

How are the strands sealed in replication?

Answer 15

DNA ligase

Question 16

What is the purpose of a helicase?

Answer 16

Unwinds the parental strands

Question 17

DNA pol III function in DNA replication:

Answer 17

Synthesize successive fragments of lagging strand

Question 18

DNA pol I function in DNA replication:

Answer 18

DNA repair, removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA

Question 19

What do exonucleases do in DNA replication?

Answer 19

Degrade nucleic acids by removing 5 to 3 terminal nucleotides

Question 20

What are replicons?

Answer 20

Replicate genome in small portions

Question 21

What are the 5 polymerases?

Answer 21

a, b, g, d, e

Question 22

g polymerase function

Answer 22

Replicates mtDNA

Question 23

b polymerase function

Answer 23

Involved in DNA repair

Question 24

a polymerase function

Answer 24

Initiates Okazaki fragment synthesis

Question 25

d polymerase function

Answer 25

Lagging strand synthesis

Question 26

e polymerase function

Answer 26

leading strand synthesis

Question 27

What are 3 ways cells can DNA repair?

Answer 27

- nucleotide excision repair - base excision repair - mismatch

Question 28

What is mitosis?

Answer 28

Leads to production of cells that are genetically identical to their parent cell

Question 29

What is meiosis?

Answer 29

Leads to production of cells with half genetic content of parent cell