Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMSC 220 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is cell theory?

A
  1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
  2. Cell is the structural unit of life
  3. Cells arise only by division from pre-existing cells
  4. Cells contain genetic material passed to next cell generation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

9 basic properties of cells

A

-Cells are highly complex and organized
-cells possess genetic program and means to use it
-cells are capable of producing more of themselves
-cells acquire and utilize energy
-cells carry out chemical reactions
-cells engage in mechanical activities
-cells are able to respond to stimuli
-cells are capable of self-regulation
-cells evolve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most basic property of cells?

A

Life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Are cellular processes regulated?

A

Yes, highly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is the genetic information stored in cells?

A

In chromosomes within the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How to cells reproduce?

A

Division, contents of mother cells into two daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where do plants get their energy and what is it turned to?

A

Light to chemical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do animals get their energy?

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is energy stored?

A

ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

All chemical changes require what in living organisms?

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is equivalent to the cell’s metabolism?

A

Sum of chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Can all cells respond to stimuli?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cells evolved from what?

A

LUCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Can cells self-regulate?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Two different classes of cells?

A

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are prokaryotic organisms?

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are eukaryotic organisms?

A

Plants, animals, protists, fungi

18
Q

Are all cells (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) bounded by a plasma membrane?

A

Yes

19
Q

How is DNA organized in prokaryotes?

A

A long strand, in a nuclear area in the cytosol

20
Q

How is DNA organized in eukaryotes?

A

In chromosomes, in the nucleus

21
Q

What organelles do all prokaryotes have?

A

Ribosomes

22
Q

What organelles do all eukaryotes have?

A

Membrane bound organelles and cytoskeleton proteins

23
Q

How to prokaryotes divide?

A

Simple fusion

24
Q

How do eukaryotes divide?

A

Mitosis

25
Q

Are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular?

A

Unicellular

26
Q

Are eukaryotes unicellular or multicellular?

A

Both

27
Q

Define: Archaea

A

Evolutionary related species that live in extremely inhospitable environments

28
Q

Define: Methanogens

A

Convert CO2 and H2 gases into methane

29
Q

Define: Halophiles

A

Live in salty environments, dead sea or deep sea brine pools

30
Q

Define: Acidophiles

A

Acid-loving prokaryotes that thrive at a pH as low as 0

31
Q

Define: Thermophiles

A

Live at high temperatures

32
Q

Define: Hyperthermophile

A

hydrothermal vents of ocean floor up to 121 degrees

33
Q

Where are most complex eukaryotic cells found?

A

Single-celled protists

34
Q

Define: Viruses

A

Pathogens and intracellular obligate parasites

35
Q

Define: Virion

A

Virus particle outside host cell, contains genetic material and protein subunits, some virions encased in lipid-membrane derived envelope

36
Q

Define: Bacteriophages

A

Viruses that infect bacteria

37
Q

Define: Viroids

A

Pathogens consisting of small, naked RNA molecule which can cause disease by interfering with gene expression

38
Q

What is a lytic infection?

A

Virus redirects host into making more virus particles, host cell lyses and releases viruses

39
Q

What is integration with viruses?

A

Virus integrates its DNA into host cell’s chromosome

40
Q

What is a provirus?

A

Integrated viral DNA

BMSC 220 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions