Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PAM Bootcamp > Chapter 12 Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two subdivisions of the Nervous System?

A

CNS and PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Explain the breakdown and the components of the nervous sytem?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In the PNS what are the components of the afferent and effernt pathways?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

One axon and multiple dendrites

A

multipolar neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common neuron in the CNS?

A

multipolar neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identify this type of neuron

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Identify this type of neuron

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Identify this type of neuron

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

one axon and one dendrite

A

Bipolar neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bipolar neurons can be found where?

A

Olfactory cells, retina, inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Single process leading away from neurosoma

A

Unipolar neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Unipolar neurons can be found where?

A

sensory cells from skin and organs to spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

many dendrites but no axon

A

anaxonic neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are anaxonic neuorns found?

A

Retina, brain, and adrenal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the four types of glia that occur in the CNS?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Form myelin sheaths in CNS that speed signal conduction

A

Oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Line internal cavities of the brain; secretes and circulates CSF

A

Ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

wander through CNS looking for debris and damage (protective)

A

microglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ependymal cells secrete and circulate ____

A

CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

covering brain surface and most nonsynaptic regions of neuron in the gray matter, serving many diverse functions

A

astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the most abundant glia cell in the CNS?

A

Astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the cells found in the PNS?

A

Schwann and Satellite Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the characteristics of a Schwann cell?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the characteristics of a Satellite Cell?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Schwann cells produce a _____

A

myelin sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The speed of the nerve impulse depends on? and how?

A
26
Q

What is the slowest and fastest fiber? and where are they located?

A
27
Q

A difference in concentration of charged particles between one point and another

A

Electrical potential

28
Q

What is the resting membrane potential?

A

(-) 70 mv

29
Q

Living cells are ___ and have a ____

A

polarized and a resting membrane potential

30
Q

Cells have more __ particles on inside of membrane than outside

A

negative

31
Q

A flow of charged particles from one point to another

A

Electrical current

32
Q

In the body, currents are movements of __, such as or through channels in the plasma membrane

A

ions

33
Q

What is the electrical current function in the cell?

A
34
Q

Chloride opens __ potential channels and inhibits ___ and causes ___-

A

chloride, action potential, hyperpolarization

35
Q

Explain the build up of the resting membrane potential.

A
36
Q

Explain the sodium potassium pump

A
37
Q

The sodium potassium pump maintains?

A

Resting membrane potential

38
Q

The plasma membrane is ____ at rest there is a difference in _____ across the membrane

A

polarized, potential

39
Q

Explain the changes that can be made to the membrane potential

A
40
Q

These ion channels will open when a specific ligand binds to the receptor connected to the channel

A

Ligand-gated ion channels

41
Q

____can bind and cause opening of certain ion channels in the plasma membrane allowing ions to travel into and out of the cell

A

ligands

42
Q

chemicals that bind to a receptor

A

ligands

43
Q

The change made in the membrane potential form the ions traveling in and out of the cell

A

local (or graded) potential

44
Q

_____ and ___ have an abundance of ligand gated ion channels

A

dendrites and soma

45
Q

a dramatic change in membrane polarity produced by voltage gated ion channels

A

action potential

46
Q

action potential is a dramatic change in membrane polarity produced by __________

A

voltage gated ion channels

47
Q

___ has an abundance of voltage gated ion channels

A

axon (especially axon hillock)

48
Q

Voltage gated channels open and close at a specific ____

A

membrane voltage

49
Q

If the stimulus makes the condition at the ____ reach the threshold stimulusof _ then an ___ will travel down the whole __

A

axon hillock, -55mv, action potential, axon

50
Q

The action potential is measured along the ?

A

axon

51
Q
A
52
Q

Explain the reaction of the sodium and potassium channel during an action potential

A
53
Q

Explain the absolute and relative refractory periods

A
54
Q

During an action potential and for a few milliseconds after, it is _____ to stimulate that region of a neuron again

A

difficult or impossible

55
Q

Chain reaction continues until the nerve signal reaches the end of the axon

A

continuous conduction

56
Q

Unmyelinated fibers use what kind of conduction?

A

continous conduction

57
Q

conduct signals with saltatory conduction (signal appears to jump from node to node)

A

conduction in a myelinated fiber

58
Q

Myelinated fibers conduct signals with ____

A

saltatory conduction

59
Q

contain many voltage gated ion channels

A

nodes of ranvier

60
Q

ensure the action potential continues in the correct direct, away from the axon hillock towards the axon terminals

A

Refractory Period

61
Q

Explain Synaptic transmission

A
62
Q

What are the four major chemical categories neurotransmitters fall into?

A
63
Q

molecules that are released when a signal reaches a synaptic knob that binds to a receptor on another cell and alter that cell’s physiology

A

neurotransmitters

PAM Bootcamp (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions