chapter 11 muscular Flashcards
Fascicles are parallel to long axis of muscle
Some are flat
Cylindrical muscles have a central body (belly)
Example: biceps brachii
Tension developed during a contraction depends on total number of myofibrils
what type of muscles fiber is this?
Parallel
Muscle fibers spread out like a fan and converge on an attachment site
Example: pectoralis muscles
Muscle may pull on
Tendon
Aponeurosis
Raphe (slender band of collagen fibers)
Fibers pull in different directions, depending on activity
what type of muscles fiber is this?
convergent muscles
Muscle fibers pull at an angle relative to tendon
Compared to parallel muscles, pennate muscles
Do not move their tendons as far
Contain more myofibrils
Develop more tension
what type is this muscle ?
Pennate muscles
All fascicles on same side of tendon
Example: extensor digitorum
which pennate is this one?
Unipennate
Fascicles on both sides of a central tendon
Example: rectus femoris
which pennate is this one?
Bipennate
Tendon branches within muscle
Example: deltoid
which pennate is this one ?
Multipennate
Fixed point of attachment of a muscle to bone is the
origin
Movable point of attachment is the
Insertion
Mostly responsible for producing a particular movement
Agonist (prime mover)
Opposes movement of a particular agonist is the
antagonist
A smaller muscle that assists a larger agonist is the
Syngerist
A synergist that assists an agonist by preventing movement at another joint
what is the term?
Fixator
how can levers change?
Direction of applied force (AF)
Distance and speed produced by AF
Effective strength of AF
Act as valves in digestive and urinary tracts
Surround body openings and hollow organs
Contraction makes diameter of opening smaller
Example: orbicularis oris of the mouth
which muscles is this ?
Circular Muscles
what is the origin, inception, and action of the extensor carpal radialis
o:humerus
I: second metacarpal
a:extending and
abducting the
hand
what is the origin, inception, and action of the extensor carpals ulnaris
o:humerus
I;:Carpal bones
A: Extending and
adducting the
hand at the wrist
what is the origin, inception, and action of the Supinator
o:Lateral epicondyle
of humerus, radial
notch of ulna
i:Radial tuberosity
a:Supination
(outward)
what is the origin, inception, and action of the Pronator trees
o:Coranoid process
of ulna and
humerus
i:Midlateral radius
a:Pronation
what is the origin, inception, and action of the tibias anterior
o:Lateral condyle,
proximal tibia
I;1st metatarsal
bone/medial
cuneiform
a:Flexion at ankle
(inversion and
dorsal)
what is the origin, inception, and action of the extensor digitorium
O:Tibia, fibula
I:Digits
A:Extends the toes
what is the origin, inception, and action of the fibularis brevis
O:Fibula
I:Fifth metatarsal
a:Plantar flexing,
everting the foot
what is the origin, inception, and action of the fibula longeus
O:Lateral tibia and
proximal fibula
I:1st metatarsal and
medial cuneiform
a:Eversion of foot
and plantar flexion
what is the origin, inception, and action of the gastrocniemus
O:Femoral condyles
I:Calcaneus
A:Flex at knee and
plantar flexion
what is the origin, inception, and action of the Soleus
o:Proximal fibula,
posterior medial
tibia
i:Calcaneus/tendon
to gastroc.
a:Plantar flexion of
ankle
what is the origin, inception, and action of the flexor digitorum longus
O: Tibia
I:Digits
a:Flexing the toes
what is the origin, inception, and action of the lats Doris
O:Inferior thoracic and
lumbar vertebrae,
ribs 8-12,
thoracolumbar
fascia
I:Intertubercular
groove of
humerus
A:Extend, adduct,
medial rotation of
shoulder
what is the origin, inception, and action of the erector spinae
O:iliac crest, sacrum,
transverse and
spinous processes of
vertebrae and
supraspinal
ligament
I:angles of the ribs,
transverse and
spinous
processes of
vertebrae,
posterior aspect
of the skull
A:extends and
laterally bends the
trunk, neck and
head
what is the origin, inception, and action of the trees major
O:Inferior angle of
scapula
I:Intertubercular
groove of
humerus
A:Extension, medial
rotation, adduction
what is the origin, inception, and action of the gluteus maxims
O:Iliac crest, lateral
ilium, sacrum
coccyx,
thoracolumbar
fascia
I:Femur
A: Extension and
lateral rotation of
hip
what is the origin, inception, and action of the gluteus medius
O:Anterior iliac crest
I:Greater trochanter
of femur
A:Abduction and
medial rotation of
hip
what is the origin, inception, and action of the tensor fascia latae
O:Ilium
I:Iliotibial tract
(iliotibial band)
A:Tensing the
iliotibial band,
supporting the
knee
what is the origin, inception, and action of the Illiopsoas
O:Vertebrae T12-L5
I: Iliacus
A:Flex hip
what is the origin, inception, and action of the Biceps
O:Coracoid process;
supraglenoid
tubercle
I:Tuberosity of
radius
A:Flexion of elbow
what is the origin, inception, and action of the triceps
O:Lateral head: lateral
humerus, Long
head: infraglenoid
tubercle scapula,
Medial head:
posterior of
humerus
I:Olecranon
A:Extension of elbow
